“…In the literature, there are several studies (Brunet et al, 2004;Jansson et al, 2008;Asnafi & Skogsgardh, 2000) which investigated tubular hydroforming numerically and experimentally. However, failures such as buckling and necking which lead to burst of the tube could occur in the tube hydroforming process (Guan & Pourboghrat, 2008;Kim et al, 2009).…”