Unidirectional operation in a semiconductor ring diode laser

Hohimer, J. P.; Vawter, G.A.; Craft, D. C.

doi:10.1063/1.108728

Cited by 87 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Stable unidirectional lasing ensures a higher efficiency of the laser and has been demonstrated using several approaches. "S-shape" ring resonator cavities are designed to introduce asymmetric coupling between the CW and the CCW modes [6]. In order to increase the net modal gain in one direction, the injection of an optical pulse from an external laser or light emitting diode (LED) has also been used [1,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unidirectional III-V microdisk lasers heterogeneously integrated on SOI

et al. 2013

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Abstract:We demonstrate unidirectional bistability in microdisk lasers electrically pumped and heterogeneously integrated on SOI. The lasers operate in continuous wave regime at room temperature and are single mode. Integrating a passive distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) on the waveguide to which the microdisk is coupled feeds laser emission back into the laser cavity. This introduces an extra unidirectional gain and results in unidirectional emission of the laser, as demonstrated in simulations as well as in experiment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unidirectional III-V microdisk lasers heterogeneously integrated on SOI

et al. 2013

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“…One example is to use an s-bend cavity structure as first suggested by Hohimer [26]. For larger rotation rates, where lock-in effects are not a concern, the rings may be designed to support two counterpropagating modes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cross-section of the rings can be designed so as to support only the fundamental TE mode. Unidirectional light propagation can be enforced in the rings through a geometrical design, for example using an s-bend bypass in the rings as previously demonstrated in [26]. In order to analyze this system, we consider the interaction between the clockwise field in one cavity and the counterclockwise traveling wave in the neighboring resonator.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ultrasensitive micro-scale parity-time-symmetric ring laser gyroscope

Ren¹,

Hodaei²,

Harari³

et al. 2017

Opt. Lett.

144

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We propose a new scheme for ultrasensitive laser gyroscopes that utilizes the physics of exceptional points. By exploiting the properties of such non-Hermitian degeneracies, we show that the rotation-induced frequency splitting becomes proportional to the square root of the gyration speed (√ )-thus enhancing the sensitivity to low angular rotations by orders of magnitudes. In addition, at its maximum sensitivity limit, the measurable spectral splitting is independent of the radius of the rings involved. Our work paves the way towards a new class of ultrasensitive miniature ring laser gyroscopes on chip. © 2017 Optical Society of America In 1913, Sagnac demonstrated how the rate of rotation associated with an inertial frame of reference can be determined by optical means. In his experiments, the rotation speed was measured through the phase difference between two beams traveling in opposite directions within a loop. Since then, this approach has been successfully used to develop various families of optical rotational sensors [1,2]. A breakthrough in this area came shortly after the discovery of the laser, when Macek and Davis introduced gain in the ring cavity [3]. In this respect, the phase shift between the two counter-propagating beams is effectively converted into a splitting in the resonant frequencies that can in turn be readily measured.In an ideal non-rotating ring laser, the two counterpropagating modes are expected to exhibit the same frequency. On the other hand, if this same system rotates at an angular frequency , the two initially degenerate resonant frequencies split, according to the following expression Δ = 8 Ω.(1) Here and are the enclosed area and the perimeter of the ring, respectively, and is the wavelength within the material associated with this cavity. Ideally, as long as the frequency separation (Δ ) exceeds the quantum limit imposed by the spontaneous emission noise, the rotation speed Ω can be uniquely determined through a heterodyne measurement. For example, for a ring laser with a radius of 10 cm, operating at a wavelength of 1.55 μm, and rotating at a rate of ~10°/hour, one can expect a frequency splitting that is at best on the order of ~ 12 Hz [1]. In many consumer and industrial applications, it is required to detect angular velocities in the range of ~0.1 − 100°/hour -a precision that can be readily attained in state-of-the-art free-space ring laser gyroscopes [4]. Unfortunately however, such sensitivity levels have so far remained practically out-of-reach in fully integrated optical platforms, where the area of the loop is generally smaller, perhaps by several orders of magnitudes. In addition, in on-chip settings, light scattering from the cavity walls can prove detrimental. This is because the ensuing unwanted coupling between the two counter-propagating modes can lead to a lock-in effect, rendering this method ineffective below a certain rotation speed.Currently, several efforts are underway to implement chip-scale laser gyroscopes based on different strategies. One possible ...

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“…First of all, this flip-flop concept contains only one active element, which makes the configuration simple. Also, this concept can be monolithically integrated, which is persistent to successful utilization [11], [12]. A very important advantage is that this concept can be extended to a multistable system so that larger amounts of optical data bits can be stored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ring-Laser Optical Flip–Flop Memory With Single Active Element

Zhang

Liu

Lenstra

et al. 2004

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-We present a novel optical flip-flop configuration that consists of two unidirectional ring lasers with separate cavities but sharing the same active element unidirectionally. We show that in such a configuration light in the lasing cavity can suppress lasing in the other cavity so that this system forms an optical bistable element. Essential for obtaining the bistability is the presence of an additional feedback circuit that is shared by both lasers. We show experimentally that the flip-flop can be optically set and reset, has a contrast ratio of 40 dB and allows low optical power operation. We also present a model based on roundtrip equations. Good agreement between theory and experiments is obtained.

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Unidirectional operation in a semiconductor ring diode laser

Cited by 87 publications

References 5 publications

Unidirectional III-V microdisk lasers heterogeneously integrated on SOI

Unidirectional III-V microdisk lasers heterogeneously integrated on SOI

Ultrasensitive micro-scale parity-time-symmetric ring laser gyroscope

Ring-Laser Optical Flip–Flop Memory With Single Active Element

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