Unidirectional Cyclic Behavior of Old Masonry Walls in Romania

Lozincă, Eugen; Popa, Viorel; Coțofană, Dragoș; Cheșcă, Alexandru Basarab

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29844-3_24

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In order to define the material characteristics for all the numerical models used, specific information collected as a part of the seismic evaluation report was used. The material properties defined for existing masonry structures from Romania were previously tested as part of experimental campaigns (Lozinca et al, 2016), and further on, numerical models of masonry walls were calibrated based on them . Once capacity curves were obtained for each model, level II methodology from the RISK-UE project (Milutinovic and Trendafiloski, 2003) was used to establish thresholds for each damage level (minor, moderate, extensive, and complete) and then obtain fragility curves expressed function of median values of spectral displacements and standard deviations.…”

Section: Structural Fragilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these invasive traditional methods are strongly debated (Campos Pomba, 2007) since they might produce important variations in the global behavior of the structure in terms of stiffness and load-bearing capacity, potentially leading to inappropriate force distributions (Monteiro and Bento, 2012). Alternative retrofitting methods were also studied for the existing residential building stock from Romania, both in experimental campaigns (Lozinca et al, 2016) and through numerical models, in particular for a typical project of mediumrise apartment buildings retrofitted by means of fiber carbon sheets applied as an alternative to RC jacketing (Scupin et al, 2020). In literature, large-scale seismic risk assessments were performed by various methods, and the outcomes are presented in various ways, through risk maps or risk indicators such as the annual average loss ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismic risk reduction through retrofitting of school masonry buildings from Romania

Scupin

Vǎcǎreanu

2023

Front. Built Environ.

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Retrofitting the existing building stock is needed since it can cause significant losses as in case of a damaging earthquake, particularly in structures used for public services, such as schools. Effective and optimal seismic retrofitting measures applied to existing masonry constructions should arise from a strong understanding of the vulnerabilities associated with each structural typology and construction practice. Using representative structural configurations of the masonry buildings used in the education sector from Romania, the paper aims to evaluate the seismic risk associated to the existing buildings and to support informed decision-making for seismic retrofitting measures. Starting from a broad database of school masonry buildings, potential losses were evaluated considering two seismic hazard scenarios. For an earthquake having a 63% exceedance probability in 50 years, losses estimated for the education sector comprising masonry structures reached almost 240 mil. € and 2,500 potential casualties. For highlighting that investments in retrofitting masonry structures from the education sector lead to significant reductions of potential losses, prioritization criteria were proposed and cost–benefit analysis was carried out for about 15,000 buildings. Results are presented through graphs and maps that illustrate the distribution of annual failure probabilities at the national level. Therefore, the methodology proposed and the results presented in this paper can represent a valuable tool for substantiating public policies aiming at reducing the seismic risk, in particular for existing masonry structures.

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Section: Structural Fragilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic risk reduction through retrofitting of school masonry buildings from Romania

Scupin

Vǎcǎreanu

2023

Front. Built Environ.

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“…To this end, previous studies have shown that the geometry, coupling level, and material properties, influence not only the strength but also the deformation capacity and cyclic degradation of masonry (Vasconcelos and Lourenço 2009;Asteris et al 2014). For example, cyclic tests on ambient-dry unreinforced clay-brick/lime-mortar masonry squat walls with a heightto-depth ratio of 0.7 have indicated an essentially elastic response up to a lateral drift of about 0.05%, limited deterioration up to 0.1%, and an ultimate drift of around 0.6% (Lozincă et al 2016). Comparative cyclic tests on dry low-strength mortar masonry also indicated a modification in failure mode from combined rocking-shear to rocking when the height-to-depth aspect ratio increased from 0.7 to 1.4, representative of squat and slender elements, respectively (ElGawady et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although experimental assessments on ambient-dry masonry walls representative of heritage structures have been carried out (Calvi et al 1996;Tomaževič et al 1996;Lozincă et al 2016;ElGawady et al 2005;Capozucca 2011;Kržan et al 2015a;Magenes et al 2010;Ismail and Ingham 2012), previous studies to investigate the lateral cyclic performance of wet large-scale masonry are limited. The compressive and tensile mechanical properties of wet brick lime mortar masonry subjected to in-situ push-only cyclic loading were reported to be 30% and 36% lower, respectively, than those of corresponding members in dry conditions (Kržan et al 2015b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-plane lateral cyclic behaviour of lime-mortar and clay-brick masonry walls in dry and wet conditions

Elghazouli

Bompa

Mourad

et al. 2021

Bull Earthquake Eng

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This paper presents an experimental investigation into the structural and material response of ambient-dry and wet clay-brick/lime-mortar masonry elements. In addition to cyclic tests on four large-scale masonry walls subjected to lateral in-plane displacement and co-existing compressive gravity load, the study also includes complementary tests on square masonry panels under diagonal compression and cylindrical masonry cores in compression. After describing the specimen details, wetting method and testing arrangements, the main results and observations are provided and discussed. The results obtained from full-field digital image correlation measurements enable a detailed assessment of the material shear-compression strength envelope, and permit a direct comparison with the strength characteristics of structural walls. The full load-deformation behaviour of the large-scale walls is also evaluated, including their ductility and failure modes, and compared with the predictions of available assessment models. It is shown that moisture has a notable effect on the main material properties, including the shear and compression strengths, brick–mortar interaction parameters, and the elastic and shear moduli. The extent of the moisture effects is a function of the governing behaviour and material characteristics as well as the interaction between shear and precompression stresses, and can lead to a loss of more than a third of the stiffness and strength. For the large scale wall specimens subjected to lateral loading and co-existing compression, the wet-to-dry reduction was found to be up to 20% and 11% in terms of stiffness and lateral strength, respectively, whilst the ductility ratio diminished by up to 12%. Overall, provided that the key moisture-dependent material properties are appropriately evaluated, it is shown that analytical assessment methods can be reliably adapted for predicting the response, in terms of the lateral stiffness, strength and overall load-deformation, for both dry and wet masonry walls.

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Performance criteria expressed by means of relative displacements for a retrofitted masonry school building

Cristian-Scupin,

Vacareanu

2023

Engineering Failure Analysis

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Unidirectional Cyclic Behavior of Old Masonry Walls in Romania

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Seismic risk reduction through retrofitting of school masonry buildings from Romania

Seismic risk reduction through retrofitting of school masonry buildings from Romania

In-plane lateral cyclic behaviour of lime-mortar and clay-brick masonry walls in dry and wet conditions

Performance criteria expressed by means of relative displacements for a retrofitted masonry school building

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