Unheated Cannabis sativa extracts and its major compound THC-acid have potential immuno-modulating properties not mediated by CB1 and CB2 receptor coupled pathways

Verhoeckx, Kitty; Korthout, Henrie A. A. J.; Meeteren-Kreikamp, A.P. van; Ehlert, Karl A.; Wang, Mei; Greef, J. van der; Rodenburg, Richard J.; Witkamp, Renger F.

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2005.10.002

Cited by 76 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In addition, it has been repeatedly suggested that the effects of THC or other single cannabinoids are not equal to that of whole cannabis preparations [11,12]: some of the bio-activity observed for these preparations could be due to acidic cannabinoids [13]. That way, a method allowing the qualitative and quantitative determination of neutral as well as acidic cannabinoids in plant material must be available [2].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative development and validation of an HPLC/DAD method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of major cannabinoids in cannabis plant material

Backer

Debrus

Lebrun

et al. 2009

Journal of Chromatography B

250

219

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GC is commonly used for the analysis of cannabis samples, e.g. in forensic chemistry. However, as this method is based on heating of the sample, acidic forms of cannabinoids are decarboxylated into their neutral counterparts. Conversely, HPLC permits the determination of the original composition of plant cannabinoids by direct analysis. Several HPLC methods have been described in the literature, but most of them failed to separate efficiently all the cannabinoids or were not validated according to general guidelines. By use of an innovative methodology for modelling chromatographic responses, a simple and accurate HPLC/DAD method was developed for the quantification of major neutral and acidic cannabinoids present in cannabis plant material: Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), THC acid (THCA), cannabidiol (CBD), CBD acid (CBDA), cannabigerol (CBG), CBG acid (CBGA) and cannabinol (CBN). Delta8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta8-THC) was determined qualitatively. Following the practice of design of experiments, predictive multilinear models were developed and used in order to find optimal chromatographic analytical conditions. The method was validated following an approach using accuracy profiles based on beta-expectation tolerance intervals for the total error measurement, and assessing the measurements uncertainty. This analytical method can be used for diverse applications, e.g. plant phenotype determination, evaluation of psychoactive potency and control of material quality.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative development and validation of an HPLC/DAD method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of major cannabinoids in cannabis plant material

Backer

Debrus

Lebrun

et al. 2009

Journal of Chromatography B

250

219

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Apart from the analytical importance, rather pharmacokinetic than pharmacodynamic differences might be expected for the oral use of extracts, although differences between acids and neutral cannabinoids have been reported from in-vitro tests [46]. This stability indicating parameter may be simplified to the dominant cannabinoid pair e.g.…”

Section: Markers For Standardization Of Herbal Drugs and Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

1 H NMR and HPLC/DAD for Cannabis sativa L. chemotype distinction, extract profiling and specification

Peschel

Politi

2015

Talanta

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“…However, in the cannabis tea studied, a significant proportion of THCA was found. The recently described immuno-modulating properties of THCA (Verhoeckx et al, 2006) may contribute to the effects that certain groups of medical users claim after consumption of cannabis tea. Furthermore, a variety of other acidic cannabinoids were found by HPLC analysis, such as cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) and tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (THVA).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the major cannabinoids cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN) can be found in most cannabis cultivars, and both have reported biological effects, such as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, and modulation of immune responses (Grotenhermen and Russo, 2002). The potent immuno-modulating properties of the major cannabinoid THCA have only recently been discovered (Verhoeckx et al, 2006). These effects clearly make the non-psychotropic cannabinoids potential candidates for any medicinal claims attributed to the consumption of cannabis tea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis tea revisited: A systematic evaluation of the cannabinoid composition of cannabis tea

Hazekamp

Bastola

Rashidi

et al. 2007

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Unheated Cannabis sativa extracts and its major compound THC-acid have potential immuno-modulating properties not mediated by CB1 and CB2 receptor coupled pathways

Cited by 76 publications

References 34 publications

Innovative development and validation of an HPLC/DAD method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of major cannabinoids in cannabis plant material

Innovative development and validation of an HPLC/DAD method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of major cannabinoids in cannabis plant material

1 H NMR and HPLC/DAD for Cannabis sativa L. chemotype distinction, extract profiling and specification

Cannabis tea revisited: A systematic evaluation of the cannabinoid composition of cannabis tea

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