Unhappy Cities

Glaeser, Edward L.; Gottlieb, Joshua D.; Ziv, Oren

doi:10.3386/w20291

Cited by 67 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Luttmer (2005) attempts to account for cost of living in the relationship between neighbors' income and SWB by controlling for local housing prices, and finds that local housing prices are negatively correlated to SWB. Similarly, Glaeser et al (2016) find a negative relationship between median housing prices and SWB.…”

Section: Cost Of Livingmentioning

confidence: 82%

Local neighbors as positives, regional neighbors as negatives: Competing channels in the relationship between others’ income, health, and happiness

Ifcher

Zarghamee

Graham

2018

Journal of Health Economics

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I EIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. We develop a theoretical framework that integrates four distinct channels through which others' income can affect utility: public goods, cost of living, expectations of future income, and direct effects (relative income hypothesis and/or altruism). We empirically estimate the relationship with U.S. well-being and health data from Gallup and geographically-based median-income data for ZIP codes and MSAs. The relationship is proximity-dependent: positive (negative) with ZIP-code (MSA) median income as reference income, suggesting that positive (negative) channels dominate locally (regionally) and reconciling seemingly divergent results from the literature. Additional analyses provide evidence of the importance of the public-goods and cost-of-living channels.JEL Classification: D6, D31, I31

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Section: Cost Of Livingmentioning

confidence: 82%

Local neighbors as positives, regional neighbors as negatives: Competing channels in the relationship between others’ income, health, and happiness

Ifcher

Zarghamee

Graham

2018

Journal of Health Economics

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“…This outcome suggests ‘area level education boosts self‐reported well‐being by increasing individual educational attainment, or that area level education has no independent effect’ (Glaeser et al . , p. 13)…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Glaeser et al . () find that people living in urban areas are on average happier than people living in rural regions. Moreover they find mixed evidence about the correlation between education and happiness.…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 97%

Size of Town, Level of Education and Life Satisfaction in Western Europe

Migheli

2016

Tijd voor Econ & Soc Geog

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I analyse the effect of living in settlements of different sizes on individual life satisfaction. The literature usually finds a negative correlation between life satisfaction and size of town. Here I cluster the population by level of education; the results show that people get dissatisfaction from living in large centres and that both education and income attenuate this effect. In particular, high education renders the cities and their features more enjoyable.

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“…Nonetheless, we follow Glaeser, Gottlieb and Ziv (2014a) in believing that happiness can be useful for examining the spatial equilibrium even if happiness is not equivalent to utility. Heterogeneity in happiness across space should provide a test of the spatial equilibrium model.…”

Section: Happiness Across Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

What is Different About Urbanization in Rich and Poor Countries? Cities in Brazil, China, India and the United States

Chauvin

Glaeser

et al. 2016

Self Cite

108

211

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Are the well-known facts about urbanization in the United States also true for the developing world? We compare American metropolitan areas with comparable geographic units in Brazil, China and India. Both Gibrat's Law and Zipf's Law seem to hold as well in Brazil as in the U.S., but China and India look quite different. In Brazil and China, the implications of the spatial equilibrium hypothesis, the central organizing idea of urban economics, are not rejected. The India data, however, repeatedly rejects tests inspired by the spatial equilibrium assumption. One hypothesis is that the spatial equilibrium only emerges with economic development, as markets replace social relationships and as human capital spreads more widely. In all four countries there is strong evidence of agglomeration economies and human capital externalities. The correlation between density and earnings is stronger in both China and India than in the U.S., strongest in China. In India the gap between urban and rural wages is huge, but the correlation between city size and earnings is modest. The cross-sectional relationship between area-level skills and both earnings and area-level growth are also stronger in the developing world than in the U.S. The forces that drive urban success seem similar in the rich and poor world, even if limited migration and difficult housing markets make it harder for a spatial equilibrium to develop.

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Unhappy Cities

Cited by 67 publications

References 18 publications

Local neighbors as positives, regional neighbors as negatives: Competing channels in the relationship between others’ income, health, and happiness

Local neighbors as positives, regional neighbors as negatives: Competing channels in the relationship between others’ income, health, and happiness

Size of Town, Level of Education and Life Satisfaction in Western Europe

What is Different About Urbanization in Rich and Poor Countries? Cities in Brazil, China, India and the United States

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