Unexpected spatial patterns of natural regeneration in typical uneven-aged mixed pine-oak forests in the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico

Maciel-Nájera, Juan F.; Hernández-Velasco, Javier; González‐Elizondo, M. Socorro; Hernández-Díaz, José Ciro; López-Sánchez, Carlos A.; Antúnez, Pablo; Bailón-Soto, Claudia Edith; Wehenkel, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01074

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Alternative regeneration methods, such as irregular group shelterwood (Expanding Gap Silviculture "Femelschlag"), should also be considered, in order to improve natural regeneration. Complementary reforestation and plantation with appropriate seeds, taking into account the optimal seed zones and their shifting, found in this study, may help enhance the regeneration of the forest [111].…”

Section: Species Distribution and Seed Zones Modelsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…To reduce the over-exploitation of these two species, we recommend adapting or changing the current forest management system [111], making correct selections including different diameter categories of the trees to be harvested, conducting a strict, independent and professional state supervision and, promoting higher levels of forest knowledge [112]. Alternative regeneration methods, such as irregular group shelterwood (Expanding Gap Silviculture "Femelschlag"), should also be considered, in order to improve natural regeneration.…”

Section: Species Distribution and Seed Zones Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling Shifts and Contraction of Seed Zones in Two Mexican Pine Species by Using Molecular Markers

Simental‐Rodriguez

Pérez-Luna

Hernández-Díaz

et al. 2021

Forests

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A seed zone or provenance region is an area within which plants can be moved with little risk of maladaptation because of the low environmental variation. Delineation of seed zones is of great importance for commercial plantations and reforestation and restoration programs. In this study, we used AFLP markers associated with environmental variation for locating and delimiting seed zones for two widespread and economically important Mexican pine species (Pinus arizonica Engelm. and P. durangensis Martínez), both based on recent climate conditions and under a predicted climate scenario for 2030 (Representative Concentration Pathway of ~4.5 Wm−2). We expected to observe: (i) associations between seed zones and local climate, soil and geographical factors, and (ii) a meaning latitudinal shift of seed zones, along with a contraction of species distributions for the period 1990–2030 in a northward direction. Some AFLP outliers were significantly associated with spring and winter precipitation, and with phosphorus concentration in the soil. According to the scenario for 2030, the estimated species and seed zone distributions will change both in size and position. Our modeling of seed zones could contribute to reducing the probabilities of maladaptation of future reforestations and plantations with the pine species studied.

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Section: Species Distribution and Seed Zones Modelsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Species Distribution and Seed Zones Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Shifts and Contraction of Seed Zones in Two Mexican Pine Species by Using Molecular Markers

Simental‐Rodriguez

Pérez-Luna

Hernández-Díaz

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…[50–52]), spatial statistics has diverse applications (e.g. tree clusters [53], mineral contents [54], neuron distribution in the brain [55]). Spatial statistics methods are also found in a variety of engineering disciplines (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistent inconsistencies in braking: a spatial analysis

Hammerberg

Kramer

2021

Interface Focus.

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The dynamic system that is the bipedal body in motion is of interest to engineers, clinicians and biological anthropologists alike. Spatial statistics is more familiar to public health researchers as a way of analysing disease clustering and spread; nonetheless, this is a practical approach to the two-dimensional topography of the foot. We quantified the clustering of the centre of pressure (CoP) on the foot for peak braking and propulsive vertical ground reaction forces (GRFs) over multiple, contiguous steps to assess the consistency of the location of peak forces on the foot during walking. The vertical GRFs of 11 participants were collected continuously via a wireless insole system (MoticonReGo AG) across various experimental conditions. We hypothesized that CoPs would cluster in the hindfoot for braking and forefoot for propulsion, and that braking would demonstrate more consistent clustering than propulsion. Contrary to our hypotheses, we found that CoPs during braking are inconsistent in their location, and CoPs during propulsion are more consistent and clustered across all participants and all trials. These results add to our understanding of the applied forces on the foot so that we can better predict fatigue failures and better understand the mechanisms that shaped the modern bipedal form.

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“…Mexican temperate forests are dominated by pine-oak species ( Galicia, Potvin & Messier, 2015 ). Mexican pine-oak forests, which cover an area of 31.8 million hectares ( FAO, 1998 ), are commonly uneven-aged mixed forests ( Wehenkel et al, 2011 ; Maciel-Nájera et al, 2020 ). Pinus wood production reached 5.0 million of m 3 of roundwood in the last decade ( SEMARNAT, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the physical, mechanical and energetic properties of Quercus spp. wood pellets by adding pine sawdust

Núñez-Retana

Serna

Prieto-Ruíz

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background Biomass usage for energy purposes has emerged in response to global energy demands and environmental problems. The large amounts of by-products generated during logging are rarely utilized. In addition, some species (e.g., Quercus spp.) are considered less valuable and are left in the cutting areas. Production of pellets from this alternative source of biomass may be possible for power generation. Although the pellets may be of lower quality than other types of wood pellets, because of their physical and technological properties, the addition of different raw materials may improve the characteristics of the oak pellets. Methods Sawdust from the oak species Quercus sideroxyla, Q. rugosa, Q. laeta and Q. conzattii was mixed with sawdust from the pine Pinus durangensis in different ratios of oak to pine (100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60 and 20:80). Physical and mechanical properties of the pellets were determined, and calorific value tests were carried out. For each variable, Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality and Kruskal–Wallis tests were performed and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were determined (considering a significance level of p < 0.05). Results The moisture content and fixed carbon content differed significantly (p < 0.05) between the groups of pellets (i.e., pellets made with different sawdust mixtures). The moisture content of all pellets was less than 10%. However, volatile matter and ash content did not differ significantly between groups (p ≥ 0.05). The ash content was less than 0.7% in all mixtures. The addition of P. durangensis sawdust to the mixtures improved the bulk density of the pellets by 18%. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in particle density were observed between species, mixtures and for the species × mixture interaction. The particle density was highest in the 80:20 and 60:40 mixtures, with values ranging from 1,245 to 1,349 kg m−3. Bulk density and particle density of the pellets were positively correlated with the amount of P. durangensis sawdust included. The mechanical hardness and impact resistance index (IRI) differed significantly (p < 0.05) between groups. The addition of pine sawdust decreased the mechanical hardness of the pellets, up to 24%. The IRI was highest (138) in the Q. sideroxyla pellets (100:0). The mechanical hardness and IRI of the pellets were negatively correlated with the amount of P. durangensis sawdust added. The bulk density of the pellets was negatively correlated with mechanical hardness and IRI. The calorific value of mixtures and the species × mixture interaction differed significantly between groups. Finally, the mean calorific value was highest (19.8 MJ kg−1) in the 20:80 mixture. The calorific value was positively related to the addition of P. durangensis sawdust.

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Unexpected spatial patterns of natural regeneration in typical uneven-aged mixed pine-oak forests in the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico

Cited by 14 publications

References 68 publications

Modelling Shifts and Contraction of Seed Zones in Two Mexican Pine Species by Using Molecular Markers

Modelling Shifts and Contraction of Seed Zones in Two Mexican Pine Species by Using Molecular Markers

Consistent inconsistencies in braking: a spatial analysis

Improving the physical, mechanical and energetic properties of Quercus spp. wood pellets by adding pine sawdust

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