Unexpected Mycoplasma hominis infection in two renal transplant recipients traced back to the same donor by whole-genome sequencing

Abstract

Mycoplasma hominis is a common colonizer of the lower genitourinary tract. Although its clinical relevance for causing urogenital infections in immunocompetent individuals is controversial, this bacterium has been involved in severe invasive infections in allograft recipients. In this report, we describe two cases of M. hominis infection in two young renal transplant recipients within the first month post-transplant. Although at first no epidemiological link between the two cases had been suspected, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis showed that both isolates were identical, highly suggestive of an origin with the common organ donor.

Mycoplasma hominis infections in solid organ transplant recipients: Clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and comparison of phenotypic and genotypic susceptibility profiles

“…Phenotypic susceptibility testing had a median TAT of 24 days (IQR [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] and genotypic resistance prediction had a median TAT of 14 days (IQR 13-14), p = .003. For a single isolate, the cost of WGS analysis is approximately $200-$300 and the cost of send-out phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing is $400.…”

“…ing that the two isolates were identical to each other. 30 Sampath et al reported seven cases of M. hominis infections following cardiothoracic organ transplantation at a single center. Of the seven cases, two were paired lung transplant recipients.…”

Identification of sacrococcygeal and pelvic abscesses infected with invasive Mycoplasma hominis by MALDI‐TOF MS

“…hominis can penetrate the mucosa, invade the vascular walls, and spread to all tissues and organs of the body 17‐19 . Surgical incision infection, postoperative blood flow infection, post cardiopulmonary transplantation infection, and other cases have been reported from time to time 20‐22 . In addition, infants whose immune function is not yet fully developed often have serious clinical manifestations by infecting M .…”

“… 17 , 18 , 19 Surgical incision infection, postoperative blood flow infection, post cardiopulmonary transplantation infection, and other cases have been reported from time to time. 20 , 21 , 22 In addition, infants whose immune function is not yet fully developed often have serious clinical manifestations by infecting M . hominis in utero or through vertical transmission.…”

NGSocomial Infections: High-Resolution Views of Hospital-Acquired Infections Through Genomic Epidemiology

“…outbreaks in patients undergoing radiological studies or interventions [ 46 , 47 ]. Donor-derived bacterial infections have been traced to solid organ transplants in the case of Mycobacterium hominis and a variety of antibiotic-resistant organisms [ 48–50 ]. Mycobacterium chimaera infections have been genomically and epidemiologically traced to water heater-cooler units use in cardiac surgery cases around the world [ 40 , 51–55 ].…”