Unexpected low prevalence of delta antibodies in the east Amazon region and São Paulo: evidence for regional differences in the epidemiology of delta hepatitis virus within Brazil

Strauss, Edna; Gayotto, Luiz Carlos da Costa; Silva, L.C. da; Alves, Venâncio Avancini Ferreira; Carrilho, F.; Chamone, Dalton F.; Silva, E.F. da; Porta, Giuseppe Della; Granato, Celso Francisco Hernandes; Trépo, C

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(87)90288-4

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In fact, Brazilian studies of HDV prevalence outside endemic areas are scarce, but these few studies have shown a very low prevalence: anti-HD was positive in only one out of 81 patients from São Paulo State in a study carried out at the end of the 1980s. [33][34][35] There have been only two studies on the prevalence of HDV among HIV/HBV patients in Brazil: one of these studies was carried out in the Western Amazon Region and showed that the HDV prevalence was 9.4% among HBsAg/anti-HIV-positive patients from this region, yielding a minimum prevalence of 1.9% overall. 27 This prevalence was lower than that found in the general population from the same region, where anti-HD antibodies reached 34.4% in HBsAg-positive patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis delta in HIV/HBV co-infected patients in Brazil: is it important?

Mendes-Corrêa

Gomes‐Gouvêa

Alvarado-Mora

et al. 2011

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis delta in HIV/HBV co-infected patients in Brazil: is it important?

Mendes-Corrêa

Gomes‐Gouvêa

Alvarado-Mora

et al. 2011

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“… 4 , 5 On the other hand, there is scant and possibly outdated information on prevalence of HDV infections in other parts of Brazil. 6 , 7 , 8 A recent study disclosed the results of a national survey in Brazil, based on the prevalence of anti-HD antibodies. Prevalence values of 1.7% were reported in the Southeastern region of Brazil and 1.96% among individuals (1/51) of Minas Gerais state.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of Hepatitis delta virus infection in Minas Gerais state from Brazil, an area outside the hyperendemic region of the Amazon Basin

Scarponi

Kroon

Vieira

et al. 2019

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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BACKGROUND Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infections in hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers are the most severe form of viral hepatitis. HDV prevalence is high in the Brazilian Amazon, but studies in other regions of the country are still scarce and often underestimated its prevalence by including a small numbers of individuals. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the serological prevalence of hepatitis D, the genotypes circulating and to evaluate the associated risk factors for acquisition of HDV in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. METHODS We screened plasma samples (n = 498) from HBV chronic carriers for anti-HD antibodies using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. For those samples that were positive for anti-HD antibodies, we performed a reverse transcriptase (RT) nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) in order to detect the viral genome and identify the viral genotypes circulating in the state. FINDINGS The prevalence was 6.22% (31/498). Blood transfusion was the only risk factor associated with HDV infection [risk ratio: 3.73; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44 to 9.65]. For 26 anti-HD positive patients, HDAg gene sequences were determined and in all patients HDV genotype 1 was found. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the circulation of HDV in Minas Gerais, an area previously considered non-endemic for hepatitis D in Brazil. The prevalence found in this study is much higher when compared to other studies performed in Brazil, probably because the population in our study was selected with minimal bias. Furthermore, in 26 anti-HD positive plasma samples, we were also able to detect the viral genome, indicating that these patients were experienced an active infection at the time of sample collection. These findings emphasise the importance of anti-HD testing in HBV infected individuals, which may contribute to this disease control in Brazil.

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“…In the northern part of South America, HDV prevalence varies widely. In Lima and select Andean regions of Peru (Huanta, Ayacucho); Medellin, Colombia; the eastern Amazon; and Sao Paulo, Brazil, the HDV prevalence is very low, whereas in the Amazon basin, among certain Indian groups in Venezuela, and in the Santa Marta region of Colombia, the prevalence of infection is among the highest in the world (11,32,71,89,123,184,195).…”

Section: Virus-encoded Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delta hepatitis: molecular biology and clinical and epidemiological features

et al. 1993

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Hepatitis delta virus, discovered in 1977, requires the help of hepatitis B virus to replicate in hepatocytes and is an important cause of acute, fulminant, and chronic liver disease in many regions of the world. Because of the helper function of hepatitis delta virus, infection with it occurs either as a coinfection with hepatitis B or as a superinfection of a carrier of hepatitis B surface antigen. Although the mechanisms of transmission are similar to those of hepatitis B virus, the patterns of transmission of delta virus vary widely around the world. In regions of the world in which hepatitis delta virus infection is not endemic, the disease is confined to groups at high risk of acquiring hepatitis B infection and high-risk hepatitis B carriers. Because of the propensity of this viral infection to cause fulminant as well as chronic liver disease, continued incursion of hepatitis delta virus into areas of the world where persistent hepatitis B infection is endemic will have serious implications. Prevention depends on the widespread use of hepatitis B vaccine. This review focuses on the molecular biology and the clinical and epidemiologic features of this important viral infection.

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Unexpected low prevalence of delta antibodies in the east Amazon region and São Paulo: evidence for regional differences in the epidemiology of delta hepatitis virus within Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Hepatitis delta in HIV/HBV co-infected patients in Brazil: is it important?

Hepatitis delta in HIV/HBV co-infected patients in Brazil: is it important?

Molecular epidemiology of Hepatitis delta virus infection in Minas Gerais state from Brazil, an area outside the hyperendemic region of the Amazon Basin

Delta hepatitis: molecular biology and clinical and epidemiological features

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