Unexpected Kirkendall effect in twinned icosahedral nanocrystals driven by strain gradient

The Influence of Size, Shape, and Twin Boundaries on Heat‐Induced Alloying in Individual Au@Ag Core–Shell Nanoparticles

“…[23,27] Additionally, a difference in core-shell interface [27] or the presence of twin boundaries, such as those in pentatwinned NPs, may also play a role. [28,29] Understanding the influence of these parameters is thus of great importance, since alloying can alter the physicochemical and optical properties of bimetallic NPs. [30] On the other hand, precise control over thermal or irradiation conditions may also be beneficial, for instance, leading to dramatically improved monodispersity Environmental conditions during real-world application of bimetallic coreshell nanoparticles (NPs) often include the use of elevated temperatures, which are known to cause elemental redistribution, in turn significantly altering the properties of these nanomaterials.…”

Facile Synthesis of PdCuRu Porous Nanoplates as Highly Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Medium

“…This demonstration is supported by the ICP-AES data (Figure 6d and Table S2), showing the much higher atomic ratio of Cu than Ru atoms in the product in the initial stage. According to our previous result [44], the newly formed Cu atoms could interdiffuse with Pd atoms to form alloys at 200 • C (i.e., Kirkendall effect). In addition, the strain arising from the twinned structure of the Pd nanoplates accelerated the out-diffusion of Pd atoms [44], breaking the plate-like structures.…”

“…According to our previous result [44], the newly formed Cu atoms could interdiffuse with Pd atoms to form alloys at 200 • C (i.e., Kirkendall effect). In addition, the strain arising from the twinned structure of the Pd nanoplates accelerated the out-diffusion of Pd atoms [44], breaking the plate-like structures. Certainly, the ultrathin Pd nanoplates (1.1 nm) is vulnerable to the variation of the strain during the interdiffusion, and may tend to be broken.…”

Strain effect in Pd@PdAg twinned nanocrystals towards ethanol oxidation electrocatalysis

“…For this purpose, Pd icosahedra and {111} truncated bi-pyramids were firstly synthesized by the reduction of Na 2 PdCl 4 in ethanol glycol (EG) through our previously reported methods (see Supporting Informations the details). 24 Figures S1 and S2 show morphological and structural characterizations of Pd {111} truncated bi-pyramids and icosahedra, respectively. From TEM and HRTEM images in Figure S1a-d, we have successfully prepared Pd truncated bi-pyramids with {111} facets exposed on all the surfaces, which is definitely different from traditional Pd bi-pyramids (right bipyramids) with {100} exposed facets.…”