Half a century of progressWhen, on June 21 1948, the Manchester 'Baby' computer (photo, right) first executed a program stored in its cathode ray tube memory to produce the correct result, this signalled the start of the modern era of computing. We will be celebrating the 60 th anniversary of this singular event later this year. Over those 60 years we have seen many developments in computer architecture that have made machines more flexible and easier to program, but these pale into insignificance alongside the progress in the technology used to build the machines.To see how far computer technology has progressed over the last 60 years we can compare some of the key characteristics of machines then and now. The 'Baby' (more formally called the SSEM -Small-Scale Experimental Machine) occupied several