Unequal Cluster-Based Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

In order to balance relatively the energy consumption of network node in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), this paper presents Sink mobility based and energy balancing unequal clustering protocol (SEBUCP). By adopting the improved SFLA (shuffled frog leaping algorithm), SEBUCP chooses the nodes having more residual energy and powerful communication capabilities as cluster heads and divides all nodes into clusters of different size. And competition mechanism between cluster heads is introduced, which is helpful to form a more rational cluster topology. In order to reduce the cluster head replacement frequency, cluster head serves continuously and by comparing nodes weight to determine the cluster head exchange time. The greedy algorithm is introduced to select an optimum relay node between cluster head and Sink. To further reduce the energy consumption of nodes, mobile Sink routing algorithm is also introduced to avoid the “hot-spots” problem. Simulation results demonstrate that SEBUCP has good performance on the network lifetime, energy balance and so on

A review on energy efficient protocols in wireless sensor networks

“…The sensor nodes are organized into clusters where in each cluster, nodes transmit data to cluster head (CH) without using CS and later CHs use CS to transmit data to the base station. Significant reduction in number of transmissions is observed from the simulation results where centralized Constitute maximum k-hop non-overlapping clusters with partial networks topology information and saves energy Doesn't consider cluster size and may form unbalanced cluster, no consideration for residual energy of sensor nodes DEBUC [29] An energy-aware multi-hop routing is adopted for inter-cluster traffic, to reduce and balance the energy overhead of the cluster heads Unequal clusters may result in loss of information and full coverage problem DSBCA [30] Communication costs are decreased as cluster head gathers the weight of all member nodes, and then selects the node with highest weight as the next head node Random selection of trigger node for cluster head selection, Energy holes may be created SEBUCP [31] Cluster heads are the sensor nodes having higher residual energy and powerful communication capabilities Non uniform energy drainage across different sensors TECM [32] Optimal size of clusters is based on number of transmission and compressive sensing is deployed to reduce redundancy…”

“…Sink mobility based and energy balancing unequal clustering protocol (SEBUCP) [31] In order to balance the energy consumption of a sensor node moderately, SEBUCP chooses those sensor nodes as cluster heads having higher residual energy and powerful communication capabilities and by adopting the improved SFLA (shuffled frog leaping algorithm), divides all sensor nodes into clusters of different size. In order to reduce the cluster head replacement regularity, cluster head serves continuously and by comparing nodes weight to determine the cluster head exchange time.…”

Joint routing, scheduling, and power control for multichannel wireless sensor networks with physical interference

“…That is, packets will be more possible to be assigned to a channel if the corresponding rate η c l (t) is larger, because the η c l (t) is in the denominator of equation (17). We use equation (14) to represent the evolution of q l .…”

“…Hence, (17) can be interpreted as that each link will assign packets to channel c at the maximum rate only if the contention cost of the channel plus the radio costs, weighted by the channel transmission rate η c l (t), is smaller than the congestion level.…”

“…We use a simplified energy consumption model shown in [17]. Both the free space (d 2 power loss) and the multipath fading (d 4 power loss) models are used, depending on the distance between the transmitter and receiver.…”