Une sociologie foucaldienne du néolibéralisme est-elle possible ?

Jeanpierre, Laurent

doi:10.7202/016374ar

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Discursive registers that use morality are found everywhere when speaking of policies in favour of safe, sustainable mobility. Along the lines of Brown (2006), for whom a moralising temptation in policies is a global fact of policy concerning all Western societies and which can take on different forms depending on the national context in which it is observed, as well as with reference to French studies that seek to diffuse her theories in France (Jeanpierre, 2006(Jeanpierre, , 2007, we have sought to characterise the moral framework of sustainable urban transport policies.…”

Section: Governing Without Controversy: Invoking Morality and Noble Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe, sustainable… but depoliticized and uneven – A critical view of urban transport policies in France

Reigner

Brenac²

2019

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

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This article offers a critical view of the contemporary urban policies undertaken in France in the name of safe, sustainable urban transport strategies. It seeks to show how a spatially and socially selective ordering is under way in French transport planning and policies by presenting an overview of research and empirical results dealing with the narratives and the implementation of these policies. Firstly, urban transport policies were analysed as narratives. Stressing users' individual responsibility and their capacity to adopt economically rational behaviours, and conveying moral injunctions for them to adopt the 'right', safe, healthy, sustainable mobility behaviours, a depoliticized framing of issues characterizes these public policies. Referring to theoretical frameworks related to neoliberalisation as a rationality, our hypothesis is that a neoliberal rationality feeds these policies by ignoring a certain number of macrosocial determinants. Moreover, the use of morality works as a powerful democratic anaesthetic that dissolves any objection. Secondly, we studied how these policies, legitimated by 'noble causes' and depoliticized, influence the organization of traffic in the city, and to what extent they lead to a selective and uneven treatment of urban spaces. While sustainable mobility is frequently presented as a major objective in the field of urban planning for transport and travel, contemporary policies do not seek to reduce polluting modes of travel overall. They rather seek to direct them onto bypass road infrastructures to reduce their negative impacts on the city's main sites. 'Sustainable' policies oppose the car only in certain spaces and for certain uses. With reference to theoretical frameworks related to the entrepreneurial mutation of urban policies, our interpretation is that these policies are part of urban marketing strategies of cities engaged in inter-urban competition processes. These policies lead to an increase in the value and attractiveness of strategic areas of the city, and tend to displace problems (cars, noise, pollution…, and deprived populations) to other parts of the urban territory.

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Section: Governing Without Controversy: Invoking Morality and Noble Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe, sustainable… but depoliticized and uneven – A critical view of urban transport policies in France

Reigner

Brenac²

2019

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

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“…The concept of governmentality therefore refers to a specific and concrete way of exercising power. In its broad acceptance, governmentality is generally defined as the 'conduct of conducts' (Foucault, 2004a), i.e., as a means of imposing standards of behavior on individuals and groups in a non-disciplinary manner (Jeanpierre, 2006). Governmentality reflects the transition from forms of power that operate through obedience and punishment to forms of 'government at a distance' (Miller and Rose, 1990), i.e.…”

Section: Neoliberal Governmentalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, state intervention has to be directed primarily to foster competition and create the conditions necessary to promote the market economy (Brown, 2003). Neoliberalism therefore requires public action in order to promote competition in all areas of social life, in marked opposition to public policies that aim to correct the possible negative effects of competition (Jeanpierre, 2006).…”

Section: Neoliberal Governmentalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoliberalism and the Emergence of Private Sustainability Initiatives: The Case of the Brazilian Cattle Value Chain

Gueneau

2018

Bus Strat Env

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Recent studies have examined the political significance of the emergence of governmental initiatives to develop sustainability standards for agricultural commodities in the transition economies. Yet, few studies have examined how neoliberal ideas influence the governance of value chains in the agri-food sector of these countries. This paper's goal is to explore the changing role of the state in sustainable cattle value chain governance in Brazil, through a methodology of participant observation of the Brazilian Roundtable on Sustainable Livestock (GTPS). The results describe the technologies used to govern the cattle value chain, which involves a private action controlled at a distance by the state that is aimed at making products acceptable on world markets. This neoliberal governmentality does not address some crucial sustainability issues of the cattle value chain. The findings call for an extension of evaluation methods so that more attention can be devoted to alternative cattle production systems.

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“…The flexible implementation of neoliberalism and the array of technologies of subjection and subjectivities are thus the keys to its dissemination. To understand this combination more precisely, some studies have initiated a sociology of the production of intellectual techniques of neoliberal governmentality and their circulation (Jeanpierre ). Ong, for example, shows the importance of American education establishments in the training of neoliberal citizens (Ong , pp.139–174).…”

Section: Three Modes Of Anthropological Understandingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been many studies. Some are theoretical and seek to shed light on the historical foundations of neoliberal societies (Dardot and Laval 2009;Jeanpierre 2006;Laval 2007), others are more empirical (Hairong 2003;Hiemstra 2010) or seek to adjust, refine, or illuminate this approach through an analysis of social, political, and eco-nomic transformations (Ferguson and Gupta 2002;Lazzarato 2009;Ong 2006;Rose 1999).…”

Section: Neoliberalism As Governmentalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The three anthropological approaches to neoliberalism*

Hilgers¹

2010

Int Social Sci J

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Over the last fifteen years or so anthropology has been engaged in the study of neoliberalism, with a growing quantity of research into the implementation and consequences of neoliberal policies (cf. Kipnis 2007). Why should a subject that has generated, and continues to generate so many debates in other disciplines have such belated success in anthropology? In principle the reasons are solid, good, and simple. It is only once neoliberalism is implemented and its associated practices and language affect our understanding of human beings, modifying social relations, institutions, and their functioning, that it becomes a proper subject for anthropology. Once it becomes involved in the concrete structuration of the world of social interaction and experience, and exerts a real influence over the way that agents think and problematise their lives, investigations can be undertaken in the field, and theories emerge that seek to analyse it and establish its effects, while avoiding its reification.In the debates broadly shaped by economics and the political sciences, the importance and particularity of the anthropological approach is to highlight dimensions that these other disciplines leave in shadow. The impact of neoliberalism is not confined to aspects directly linked to the market, institutional reforms, or political practices. One of the main questions the anthropologists seek to explore is that of how what can be termed neoliberal practices and representations are produced and disseminated on the global scale. Starting from this question, this article shows that, beyond their great diversity, these different investigations are built on three forms of anthropological knowledge. Each documents the phenomenon empirically in its own way and proposes theoretical advances that enable us to look with new eyes at neoliberalism and its expansion across the globe. This article highlights the conception of neoliberalism and the epistemology on which the three approaches are based, also considering their shared presuppositions. It then goes on to examine these approaches critically and analyses the way that they have theorised the spread of neoliberalism. In this way, the article shows that, beyond describing known effects (such as deregulation, flexible working, the liberalisation of capital, restriction of public spending, and erosion of the social state), anthropological analysis has a real contribution to make to multidisciplinary discussions in which it sometimes has difficulty making its voice heard. Differing approaches with shared presuppositionsBefore considering the three approaches, it is important to identify the presuppositions they

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Une sociologie foucaldienne du néolibéralisme est-elle possible ?

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

Safe, sustainable… but depoliticized and uneven – A critical view of urban transport policies in France

Safe, sustainable… but depoliticized and uneven – A critical view of urban transport policies in France

Neoliberalism and the Emergence of Private Sustainability Initiatives: The Case of the Brazilian Cattle Value Chain

The three anthropological approaches to neoliberalism*

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