Une épidémie de tularémie en France en 2018 suggérant une modification de l’épidémiologie de la maladie

Mailles, Alexandra; Ollivier, R.; Bénézit, François; Lepoivre, H.; Faisant, M.; Grau, Jürke; Lefèbvre, M.; Caspar, Yvan; Guimard, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2019.04.028

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Genomic studies have confirmed that diverse clones of Fth survive for a prolonged period and that a single clone may be responsible for human or animal cases of tularemia over several decades (up to 70 years) [15–17]. Multiple independent respiratory infections with Fth strains acquired from the environment over a short period were observed during an outbreak in Sweden in 2010 and in France in 2018, arguing in favor of environmental changes acting as the trigger of these outbreaks [17,18]. Analysis of exposition factors suggested environmental contamination, presumably through aerosols originating from an unidentified environmental reservoir [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic long-term persistence ofFrancisella tularensisssp.holarcticais driven by water temperature and transition to a viable but non-culturable state

Brunet

Peyroux

Ponderand

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Francisella tularensis is a highly virulent bacterium causing tularemia zoonosis. An increasing proportion of infections occur through contaminated hydro-telluric sources, especially for the subspecies holarctica (Fth). Although this bacterium has been detected in several aquatic environments, the mechanisms of its long-term persistence in water are not yet elucidated. We evaluated the culturability and the viability of a virulent Fth strain in independent microcosms filled with nutrient-poor water. At 37°C, the bacteria remained culturable for only one week, while culturability was extended to 6 weeks at 18°C and up to 11 weeks at 4°C. However, while the viability of the bacteria declined similarly to culturability at 37°C, the viability of the bacteria remained stable overtime at 18°C and 4°C for more than 24 months, long after loss of culturability. We identified water temperature as one of the major factors driving the aquatic survival of Fth through a transition of the whole Fth population in a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. Low temperature of water (4 and 18°C) favors the persistence of the bacteria in a VBNC state, while a temperature above 30°C kills culturable and VBNC Fth bacteria. These findings provide new insights into the environmental cycle of Francisella tularensis that suggest that the yet unidentified primary reservoir of the subspecies holarctica may be the aquatic environment itself in which the bacteria could persist for months or years without the need for a host.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic long-term persistence ofFrancisella tularensisssp.holarcticais driven by water temperature and transition to a viable but non-culturable state

Brunet

Peyroux

Ponderand

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Genetic Diversity of the Family <i>Francisellaceae</i>, Analysis of the situation on tularemia Incidence in the Russian Federation in 2021, and Forecast for 2022

Kudryavtseva

Попов

Мокриевич

et al. 2022

Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii

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The review briefly outlines the current taxonomy of the most studied strains of the species belonging to the family Francisellaceae. Due to the significant genetic diversity within the family, the detection of Francisella tularensis, especially in environmental samples, becomes even more difficult and may lead to false positive results. A comparison of the incidence rates in European countries, in which the extensive epidemic manifestations of tularemia are recorded annually, namely Sweden, Finland, Norway and the Czech Republic, and in Russia over the past five years is provided. The paper presents the comparative dynamics of tularemia incidence in the territories of the Federal Districts of the Russian Federation in recent years. The dynamics of the incidence during epidemic outbreaks in the Republic of Karelia and the Omsk Region over the past few years is shown. 17 cases of human infection with the causative agent of tularemia were registered on the territory of the Russian Federation in 2021. Epizootic manifestations of the infection of varying degrees of intensity were detected in 45 constituent entities of the Federation. Against that background, sporadic cases of tularemia in humans were reported in 11 regions of the country. Six cultures of Francisella tularensis subsp. mediasiatica from different types of ticks were isolated in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Republic of Altai and the Altai Territory. Based on the analysis of the data presented, in 2022, epidemic complications in the form of sporadic cases of the disease are most likely to occur among the unvaccinated population in the territories of the Central Federal District – the Voronezh, Ryazan, Smolensk Regions and in Moscow; Northwestern Federal District – in the Arkhangelsk Region, the Republic of Karelia and in St. Petersburg; Volga Federal District – in the territories of Samara, Kirov Regions and Republic of Tatarstan; Ural Federal District – in the Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Districts; Siberian Federal District – in certain districts of the Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk and Tomsk Regions, Altai and Krasnoyarsk Territories.

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Une épidémie de tularémie en France en 2018 suggérant une modification de l’épidémiologie de la maladie

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Aquatic long-term persistence ofFrancisella tularensisssp.holarcticais driven by water temperature and transition to a viable but non-culturable state

Aquatic long-term persistence ofFrancisella tularensisssp.holarcticais driven by water temperature and transition to a viable but non-culturable state

Genetic Diversity of the Family <i>Francisellaceae</i>, Analysis of the situation on tularemia Incidence in the Russian Federation in 2021, and Forecast for 2022

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