Undiagnosed Hypertension and Associated Factors among Adult Dwellers in Hawela Tula Sub City, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction Hypertension is a common public health problem and often goes unnoticed and can lead to a stroke or heart attack. It contributes to the high burden of cardiovascular disease, premature mortality, reduced quality of life and high costs to the health care system, especially in low and middle-income countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and influencing factors with health-seeking behaviour.Method A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 390 randomly selected adults in Hawela Tulla Sub-city, Hawassa, southern Ethiopia from February to June, 2019. Data was collected by pre-tested questionnaires and physical measurements of weight, height and blood pressure were collected through standardized procedures adapted from WHO STEPS survey tools. Data entry and analyzed for descriptive and logistic regression models by SPSS v.23. The result declared as statistically significant at p < 0.05.Result The prevalence of the undiagnosed hypertension among the respondents was 12.3%. The male [AOR= 3.70, 95% CI:1.64-8.32] than female contributing. Family history of hypertension had [AOR 3.69, 95% CI: 1.31-10.34], being physical inactive [AOR 3.21, 95% CI: 1.50- 6.84], salty food consumer [AOR 3.67, 95% CI:1.26-10.64], BMI 25 Kg/m2 and above [AOR 3.06, 95% CI:1.41-6.65] and not seek health care for some early hypertensive symptoms without serious illness [AOR 4.58, 95% CI: 1.85-11.32] when compared to their counterparts, were found to be determinant factors for undiagnosed hypertension.Conclusions and Recommendation The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension found to be prevalent and calls for intervention. Health officials need to consider integrating the prevention and control of hypertension at the community level. The clinicians need to intervene on unhealthy lifestyles, by promoting healthy practices and health-seeking behavior to prevent undiagnosed hypertension.

Undiagnosed hypertension and associated factors among bank workers in Bahir Dar City, Northwest, Ethiopia, 2020. A cross-sectional study

“…Respondents who did not perform regular physical exercise were 2.91 times more likely to have undiagnosed hypertension than those respondents who perform regular physical exercise. This finding was supported by the previous study conducted in Hawassa [ 42 ]. Physical exercise can prevent blood pressure by reducing blood vessel stiffness [ 53 ].…”

“…On the other hand, the result of this study is higher than studies conducted in the Byblos, Lebanon 16.9% [13], in India 10.1% [37], in United States of America 19.7% [38], in Iran 4.8% [21], in Ghana 18.5% [39], in Hosanna 10.2% [40], in Addis Ababa 13.25% [41] and Hawassa 12.3% [42].…”

Distribution of risks and Factors Associated with Unscreened Hypertension among Adults Living in Rural of Dano District, West Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2020: Community-based cross-sectional study

“…The prevalence of Unscreened hypertension in this study is comparable with the recent study in India(10.1%), Nigeria(14.6%) (17,18) and other study conducted in Ethiopia country wide (15.6%), Hawela-Tula sub-city(12.3%),Gulale,(13.25%),Hosanna(10.2%) (9,10,19,20)and it is higher when compared to study done in USA(6.5%) and Gilgal-gibe eld research (7.5%) (21,22).The variation might be due to the difference in screening strategy the country undertaking for the study in the USA and difference in the population studied (i.e. lower age cut-off used as compared to present study) for the Gilgal gibe study.…”

“…This study showed that those adults having a family history of Hypertension were 3.1 more likely to have unscreened hypertension. This might be due to the fact that hypertension tends to run among families(31).This nding is similar to the study done in Ethiopia (9).…”

Distribution of risks and prevalence of unscreened hypertension among adults living in rural of Dano District, West Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2020: Community based cross-sectional study

“…Population and sample size -Those Adults aged 19 to 65 years living in the rural areas Dano district were included in the study whereas, those Adults who were previously diagnosed with hypertension , those screened for hypertension in the last year, pregnant mothers and mothers in post-partum periods were excluded from the study. The sample size was determined by considering factors that are significantly associated with the outcome variable from previous study (10) using two-sided confidence level of 95%, power 80% and the ratio of exposed to unexposed 1:1 for each factors, using Epi Info Version 7.2.2.6. Then, by considering, 1.5-design effect the final sample size was 605.…”