Underwater Wireless Optical Communication - A Review

Mamatha, K.; Chaitanya, Krishna; Kumar, Shashank; Raj, A. Arockia Bazil

doi:10.1109/smartgencon51891.2021.9645852

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Visible light communication (VLC) technology can be used to solve this issue with a variety of advantages [259]. A VLC system transmits data by modulating light waves in the visible spectrum: 380-780 nm [260]. It covers frequencies ranging from 400 THz to 800 THz.…”

Section: Visible Light Communication (Vlc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review–Unguided Optical Communications: Developments, Technology Evolution, and Challenges

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review paper discusses the complete evolution of free-space optical (FSO) communication, also known as unguided optical communication (UOC) technologies, all the way back to ancient man’s fire to today’s machine-learning-supported UOC systems. The principles, significance, and developments that have happened over the past several decades, as well as installation methodologies, technological limitations, and today’s challenges of UOCs are presented. All the subsets of UOC: FSO communication, underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC), and visible light communication (VLC), with their technology/system developments, potential applications, and limitations are reviewed. The state-of-the-art developments/achievements in (i) FSO channel effects and their mitigation techniques; (ii) radio-over-FSO techniques; (iii) wavelength division multiplexing and sub-carrier multiplexing techniques; (iv) FSO for worldwide interoperability for microwave access applications; (v) space optical satellite communication (SOSC); (vi) UWOC; (vii) photoacoustic communication (PAC); (viii) light-fidelity; (ix) VLC; (x) vehicular VLC (V2LC); and (xi) optical camera communication are reviewed. In addition, the current developments on emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (to improve the performance of UOC systems), energy harvesting (for the effective utilization of UOC channels), and near-future communication network scenarios (mandatory for secured broadband digital links) are covered. Finally, in brief, to achieve the full potential of UOC systems, challenges that require immediate research attention are summarized.

show abstract

Section: Visible Light Communication (Vlc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review–Unguided Optical Communications: Developments, Technology Evolution, and Challenges

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This pipeline has been used primarily for human pose estimation [7], object detection [8], image segmentation [9], with applications such as sign language recognition [10], land-mark detection for augmented reality solutions [11], interactive virtual reality solutions [12], and visually enabled robotic arm control [13] on embedded devices, websites and applications. Recent studies have focused on the use of MediaPipe in clinical research settings, with applications in rehabilitation [14], physiotherapy [15], posture recognition [16], human gait analysis [17], as well as diagnostics in telehealth [18]. Outcome parameters of research studies in these domains include trajectory analysis, range of motion analysis, task based assessment, and accuracy of classification models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying similarities between MediaPipe and a known standard for tracking 2D hand trajectories

Wagh,

Scott,

Kraeutner

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Marker-less motion tracking methods have promise for use in a range of domains, including clinical settings where traditional marker-based systems for human pose estimation is not feasible. MediaPipe is an artificial intelligence-based system that offers a markerless, lightweight approach to motion capture, and encompasses MediaPipe Hands, for recognition of hand landmarks. However, the accuracy of MediaPipe for tracking fine upper limb movements involving the hand has not been explored. Here we aimed to evaluate 2-dimensional accuracy of MediaPipe against a known standard. Participants (N = 10) performed trials in blocks of a touchscreen-based shape-tracing task. Each trial was simultaneously captured by a video camera. Trajectories for each trial were extracted from the touchscreen and compared to those predicted by MediaPipe. Specifically, following re-sampling, normalization, and Procrustes transformations, root mean squared error (RMSE; primary outcome measure) was calculated for coordinates generated by MediaPipe vs. the touchscreen computer. Resultant mean RMSE was 0.28 +/-0.064 normalized px. Equivalence testing revealed that accuracy differed between MediaPipe and the touchscreen, but that the true difference was between 0-0.30 normalized px (t(114) = -3.02,p= 0.002). Overall, we quantify similarities between MediaPipe and a known standard for tracking fine upper limb movements, informing applications of MediaPipe in a domains such as clinical and research settings. Future work should address accuracy in 3-dimensions to further validate the use of MediaPipe in such domains.

show abstract

Underwater Channel Characteristics and Wireless Optical Communications Using a Blue Mode- Locked Semiconductor Disk Laser

Liu

Wang

Tian

et al. 2023

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Underwater Wireless Optical Communication - A Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

A Review–Unguided Optical Communications: Developments, Technology Evolution, and Challenges

A Review–Unguided Optical Communications: Developments, Technology Evolution, and Challenges

Quantifying similarities between MediaPipe and a known standard for tracking 2D hand trajectories

Underwater Channel Characteristics and Wireless Optical Communications Using a Blue Mode- Locked Semiconductor Disk Laser

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About