Underwater Target Localization and Synchronization for a Distributed SIMO Sonar with an Isogradient SSP and Uncertainties in Receiver Locations

Abstract

A distributed single-input multiple-output (SIMO) sonar system is composed of a sound source and multiple underwater receivers. It provides an important framework for underwater target localization. However, underwater hostile environments bring more challenges for underwater target localization than terrestrial target localization, such as the difficulties of synchronizing all the underwater receiver clocks, the varying underwater sound speed and the uncertainties of the locations of the underwater receivers. In this paper, we take the sound speed variation, the time synchronization and the uncertainties of the receiver locations into account, and propose the underwater target localization and synchronization (UTLS) algorithm for the distributed SIMO sonar system. In the distributed SIMO sonar system, the receivers are organized in a star topology, where the information fusion is carried out in the central receiver (CR). All the receivers are not synchronized and their positions are known with uncertainties. Moreover, the underwater sound speed is approximately modeled by a depth-dependent sound speed profile (SSP). We evaluate our proposed UTLS algorithm by comparing it with several benchmark algorithms via numerical simulations. The simulation results reveal the superiority of our proposed UTLS algorithm.

Design and Analysis of a Non-Iterative Estimator for Target Location in Multistatic Sonar Systems with Sensor Position Uncertainties

“…2 can be found in Appendix D. By ignoring the second-order error term (2) 2 and following the first stage's approach, the WLS solution to Equation (39) isφ…”

“…One advantage of our estimator is that it is ready to be extended to location of multiple disjoint targets by concatenating the data matrices in Section 5. Let the number of the disjoint targets be K, and 10 3 Monte Carlo experiments of joint location are performed for each value of K (= 1,2,4,8,16,32,64). Then, the running time of the 10 3 experiments are recorded.…”

“…In recent years, there has been a lively interest in target location using multistatic sonars [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In a multistatic sonar system, the sum of each pair of transmitter-target range and target-receiver range defines an ellipse.…”

Locating an Underwater Target Using Angle-Only Measurements of Heterogeneous Sonobuoys Sensors with Low Accuracy

“…In underwater environments, electromagnetic signal is easily dissipated; thus, sound is mainly used for underwater target localization. As a fundamental function for sonar systems, underwater target localization has gained significant attention [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Target localization by measuring the bearing of target’s sound is an important issue in passive target tracking.…”

A Novel Approach for Underwater Vehicle Localization and Communication Based on Laser Reflection

“…Because electromagnetic waves are attenuated rapidly in seawater, typical device to device communication and localization methods used on land cannot be directly applied to underwater equipment [9]. Therefore, most underwater vehicles realize localization and communication using the acoustic method [10,11,12]. Although sound waves can propagate underwater over long distances with little attenuation [13], acoustic approaches are disadvantaged by large power consumption, small communication bandwidth, and expensive equipment.…”