Underwater Sound Levels in the Arctic: Filling Knowledge Gaps

Halliday, William D.

doi:10.1029/2021gl094607

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Reduced sea ice has already resulted in increased interest in tourism, fishing, oil and gas exploration, marine mining, transoceanic shipping, and other activities (PAME, 2019;PAME, 2021). Encroachment of these activities into the Arctic is changing the underwater soundscape of the region, which has, at least seasonally, been considered to have one of lowest sound levels in the world (Insley et al, 2017;PAME, 2019;Halliday, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arctic and the future Arctic? Soundscapes and marine mammal communities on the east and west sides of Svalbard characterized through acoustic data

Llobet,

Ahonen,

Lydersen

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The Svalbard Archipelago, Norway, is warming rapidly, resulting in environmental change that is likely already affecting the underwater soundscape, a critical habitat feature for marine mammals. Baseline information about current sound levels is needed to monitor future changes. Fixed-location recorders were used in this study to characterize the soundscape and study the occurrence and phenology of marine mammals at two locations within Svalbard. Kongsfjorden (2017-2018), on the west coast, has already undergone vast environmental change, whereas M2 (2019-2020), on the east coast, remains more Arctic. The results of the study reveal that the soundscapes and species assemblages differed markedly west vs east. In the west, Arctic species were detected from winter to summer and migrant marine mammal species were detected occasionally through the autumn. In the east, Arctic species were detected constantly on an almost year-round basis, and a few migrant species were detected during summer. Vessels were detected more often in the west than in the east, in accordance with AIS traffic data that indicated more boat traffic in Kongsfjorden in the west than in the east of the archipelago. In terms of soundscapes, geophonies (wind, ice) were the main factors determining the sound energy at both locations. Kongsfjorden’s soundscape was characterized by glacier-melt sounds with moderate levels of anthropogenic noise and some biophonies (marine mammals). At M2, sea-ice noises shaped the soundscape, which was otherwise dominated by biophonies from Arctic marine mammals. At the east coast site there was little impact from anthropophonies (vessels). This study provides information on Svalbard’s current underwater soundscape, which is likely to be transformed in the future due to ongoing climate change, with the west coast reflecting future conditions in many Arctic regions if ship-traffic is not regulated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arctic and the future Arctic? Soundscapes and marine mammal communities on the east and west sides of Svalbard characterized through acoustic data

Llobet,

Ahonen,

Lydersen

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…In 2019, the Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment (PAME) published a commentary calling for research on underwater noise levels in the Arctic region to fill these geographic gaps, with the aim of protecting wildlife [24]. Han et al [25], Halliday [26], Bonnel et al [27], and Serripierri et al [3] have conducted investigations into marine environmental noise in areas such as the East Siberian Sea, Eastern Canadian Arctic, Greenland surroundings, and Svalbard. Bonnel [28] and Wen et al [29] used acoustic moorings and Remote Sens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Regional Ambient Seismic Noise in the Chukchi Sea Area in the Arctic Based on OBS Data from the Ninth Chinese National Arctic Scientific Survey

Li,

Liu,

Xing

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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Ambient noise plays a crucial role in influencing the observation quality at seismic stations. By studying the distribution patterns of ambient noise, we can gain initial insights into the noise conditions within a specific research area. This paper investigates the properties of ambient noise in different frequency bands under environmental settings in the Chukchi Sea region, utilizing data collected from ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) deployed during the Ninth Chinese National Arctic Scientific Survey. The probability density function (PDF) method is used to reveal the distinctive features of ambient noise. In addition, by comparing the crowed number values of ambient noise in the Chukchi Sea area with the global new low-noise model (NLNM) and new high-noise model (NHNM), a more comprehensive understanding of the patterns, distribution characteristics, and sources of ambient noise in the Arctic Chukchi Sea area is gained. The study suggests that the overlying sea ice in the Arctic Chukchi Sea area can suppress the microseismic band ambient noise, and the overall level of ambient noise in the Chukchi Sea area lies between the land seismic ambient noise level and the ambient noise level in the middle- and low-latitude sea areas. Meanwhile, an abnormal power spectrum caused by different levels of natural earthquakes is observed. This study fills the gap by using seafloor seismic instruments to investigate ambient noise in the Chukchi Sea area.

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Underwater Sound Levels in the Arctic: Filling Knowledge Gaps

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

The Arctic and the future Arctic? Soundscapes and marine mammal communities on the east and west sides of Svalbard characterized through acoustic data

The Arctic and the future Arctic? Soundscapes and marine mammal communities on the east and west sides of Svalbard characterized through acoustic data

Analysis of Regional Ambient Seismic Noise in the Chukchi Sea Area in the Arctic Based on OBS Data from the Ninth Chinese National Arctic Scientific Survey

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