Understanding uveitis: The impact of research on visual outcomes

Smet, Marc D. de; Taylor, Simon; Bodaghi, Bahram; Miserocchi, Elisabetta; Murray, Philip I.; Pleyer, Uwe; Zierhut, Manfred; Barisani-Asenbauer, Talin; LeHoang, Phuc; Lightman, Sue

doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2011.06.005

Cited by 262 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 280 publications

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“…Uveitis accounts for 5 to 20% of legal blindness in both the United States and Europe and perhaps for as much as 25% of blindness in the developing world (1,2). Infectious uveitis is more common in the developing world, accounting for 30 to 50% of all uveitis cases (3,4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular Levels of Interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and IL-10 as Respective Determinant Markers of Toxoplasmosis and Viral Uveitis

Sauer

Villard

Creuzot‐Garcher

et al. 2014

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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e Uveitis is a potentially blinding inflammatory disease. Thirty to 50% of uveitis cases are considered idiopathic. The present study sought to determine the intraocular cytokine patterns in the different etiological types of uveitis in order to better understand their immunological regulation and to determine whether the cytokine pattern may be a useful diagnostic tool. From a multicenter institutional prospective study, the clinical and biological data from patients with uveitis of various etiologies, determined after a complete workup, were compared with those from a control group of cataract patients. A multiplex assay was used to assess the profiles of 27 cytokines and chemokines in aqueous humor samples from these patients. In total, 62 patients with infectious or noninfectious uveitis and 88 controls were included. After a complete workup, the cause of uveitis remained unknown in 25 patients (40% idiopathic uveitis). Interleukin 1␤ (IL-1␤) levels were markedly increased in viral uveitis, as were IL-10 levels, whereas IL-17A levels were augmented in toxoplasmic uveitis. Based on the cytokine pattern, the patients were reassigned to specific groups. At the end of the study, the diagnosis of idiopathic uveitis was still valid in only 11 patients (18%). The observation that some markers are specific to certain diseases enables a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis and paves the way for new diagnostic methods aimed to identify inflammatory markers, which may perhaps be targeted by therapy.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular Levels of Interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and IL-10 as Respective Determinant Markers of Toxoplasmosis and Viral Uveitis

Sauer

Villard

Creuzot‐Garcher

et al. 2014

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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show abstract

“…Worldwide, uveitis is one of the most prominent causes of blindness and is considered to be difficult to cure among eye diseases. Uveitis is estimated to be responsible for approximately 5% to 20% cases of blindness in western countries and up to 25% cases of blindness in developing countries [2,3] , and it primarily affects people between the ages of 20 and 50. Thus far, much attention has been devoted to this disease worldwide.…”

Section: Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We often cannot determine the pathogen in many cases of endogenous uveitis, which often have immune abnormalities or are associated with systemic disease. The mechanisms driving the pathogenesis and recurrence of uveitis are not fully understood, the diagnosis is often unclear, and it is difficult to control the inflammation [2,4] . Glucocorticoids and immune inhibitors are typically used for treatment.…”

Section: Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, a method for early diagnosis and a reasonable and effective therapeutic strategy are urgently needed. The onset of uveitis is considered to be closely related to immune dysfunction, and some researchers have suggested that it is associated with an imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cells or a Th17 cell reaction [2,4] . Inflammatory cell accumulation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion mediated through the NF-kB signaling pathway by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) or NOD-like receptors (NLRs) have been observed in experimental models of uveitis [6,7] .…”

Section: Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, approximately half of patients with AAU are positive for HLA-B27. However, HLA-B27 and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are closely related, and many autoimmune syndromes or systemic diseases are accompanied by uveitis [2][3][4] . Therefore, the molecular pathogenesis of the disease is very complex and requires further study.…”

Section: Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

S100A8/A9, a potent biomarker and clinical candidate for the treatment of uveitis

Chi

Dai²

2017

Inflamm Cell Signal

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Uveitis, the pathological condition of inflammation of the uvea, commonly causes severe visual impairment and blindness. Possible causes of uveitis include infection, injury, and autoimmune or inflammatory disease. However, the pathogenesis of uveitis is not fully understood. Glucocorticoids are widely used for the treatment of uveitis, but long-term steroid use carries a risk of potential complications. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are important to prevent complications. Thus far, researchers have not identified an effective biological marker for auxiliary diagnosis or an appropriate method for monitoring the inflammatory activity of uveitis. S100A8/A9, also known as calprotectin, belongs to the Ca 2+ -binding S100 protein family, is mainly expressed in myeloid leukocytes, and plays a prominent role in a variety of pathological process, such as inflammation, infection and autoimmune diseases. Extracellular S100A8/A9 released from granulocytes and monocytes has recently gained a great deal of attention as a critical alarmin for the modulation of the inflammatory response. This review will summarize recent insights into the biological function of S100A8/A9 in uveitis and provide an outlook on diagnostic, inflammation monitoring and therapeutic applications targeting S100A8/A9.

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Prevalence of the Uveitides in the United States

Jabs

2016

JAMA Ophthalmol

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Understanding uveitis: The impact of research on visual outcomes

Cited by 262 publications

References 280 publications

Intraocular Levels of Interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and IL-10 as Respective Determinant Markers of Toxoplasmosis and Viral Uveitis

Intraocular Levels of Interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and IL-10 as Respective Determinant Markers of Toxoplasmosis and Viral Uveitis

S100A8/A9, a potent biomarker and clinical candidate for the treatment of uveitis

Prevalence of the Uveitides in the United States

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