Understanding Urea Assimilation and its Effect on Lipid Production and Fatty Acid Composition of Scenedesmus Sp

Dhup, Saumya

doi:10.15226/2376-4589/2/1/00112

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the experimental variants, NaNO 3 was replaced by CO(NH 2 ) 2 and NH 4 Cl. Moreover, urea, a preferable N source for certain biotechnologically significant species of Chlorophyceae [2,8,9], was the most interesting N source considering the goal of minimizing the cost of nutrient media for C. zofingiensis. NH 4 Cl was chosen among ammonium salts also for the cost optimization reasons; it is also one of the least tested substrates for the cultivation of this species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, cost analysis suggests that a lag of the urea-fed culture as high as even 30 % considering biomass productivity is not critical since it will be compensated by savings (approximately 230 %) on the cost of reagents for the nutrient medium (Table 2). As a rule, this is the decisive advantage of urea as N source for mass cultivation of microalgae for lipids [1,8,13]. Analysis of the reports published on this problem shows that the potential of urea as an N-rich carbon-containing nutrient that accelerates the microalgae growth is not always implemented in practice.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is readily absorbed by most green microalgae featuring pathways for efficient assimilation of urea [3,8]. These observations are experimentally confirmed by successful cultivation of microalgae from the genera Chlorella and Scenedesmus with urea as the sole source of N in the medium [2,8,13]. However, the genera Chlorella and Chromochloris were recently shown to be evolutionary remote [12].…”

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confidence: 94%

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The effect of diverse nitrogen sources in the nutrient medium on the growth of the green microalgae Chromochloris zofingiensis in the batch culture

Minyuk

Dantsyuk

Челебиева

et al. 2019

mbj

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The effect of three nitrogen (N) sources in the nutrient medium – sodium nitrate (NaNO3), urea (CO(NH2)2), and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) – on the morphological and physiological characteristics of the green microalga Chromochloris (Chlorella) zofingiensis, a potential commercial producer of lipids and a ketocarotenoid astaxanthin, was studied. The alga was batch-cultivated in glass conical flasks from starting cell density (n) around 2.3·106 per mL and dry weight (DW) content of 0.06 g·L−1 in all variants at 120 μmol·m−2·s−1 PAR, +20…+21 °C, and air bubbling at a rate of 0.3 L·min−1·L−1. The concentration of nitrogen sources (as elemental N) in the modified BBM nutrient medium was 8.83 mmol·L−1, the cultivation duration was 17 days. The dynamics of n and cell volumes, DW content, chlorophylls a and b (Chla and Chlb), total carotenoids (Car), and lipids (Lip) in the cultures, concentration of N sources in the nutrient medium, and its pH were recorded. It was shown that the growth rate, size distribution of the cell populations, and the biomass chemical composition depended significantly on the nitrogen source in the nutrient medium. Using NH4Cl as N source caused on the second day growth inhibition, cell swelling, aggregation, and discoloration; by the seventh day, it caused culture crash. C. zofingiensis cells took up NaNO3 and CO(NH2)2 from the medium at a similar rate (0.626 and 0.631 mmol N·L−1·day−1, respectively), but the growth of the culture fed with CO(NH2)2 lagged; its cell volume and Chla, Chlb, and total Car contents declined profoundly. The average dry matter productivity (PDW) in the culture grown on CO(NH2)2 [(0.086 ± 0.004) g·L−1·day−1] was 32.6 % lower than in the culture grown on NaNO3 [(0.114 ± 0.005) g·L−1·day−1]. At the same time, lipid productivity (PLip) of the urea-fed culture was comparable with that of the nitrate-fed culture (PLip of 28 and 26 mg·L−1·day−1, respectively). The lipid DW percentage of the former exceeded significantly that of the nitrate-fed culture (31.6 % vs 23.1 %, respectively). From the standpoint of profitability, the lag in biomass accumulation recorded in the urea-fed culture on PDW is not critical since it is compensated by lowering the cost of nitrogen source for the nutrient medium (approximately by 230 %) and a higher biomass lipid content. C. zofingiensis grown in media with urea as the only N source deserves further investigation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

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The effect of diverse nitrogen sources in the nutrient medium on the growth of the green microalgae Chromochloris zofingiensis in the batch culture

Minyuk

Dantsyuk

Челебиева

et al. 2019

mbj

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“…The elemental composition of urea comprises approximately 46% nitrogen and complements by 20% carbon [ 28 ]. Thus, the combined availability of nitrogen and carbon favorably contributes to the increment of microalgae cells [ 29 ]. To put it into perspective, another inorganic nitrogen source frequently utilized in aquaculture media preparation, i.e., nitrate (sodium or potassium salt) only provides 16.5% of nitrogen [ 30 ].…”

Section: Current Production Strategy To Induce Biomass At the Greementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The author proposed that it might be due to the conversion of trace ammonia into nitrate and ammonium ion, which are finally reabsorbed into the cells. Saumya et al [ 29 ] assumed that both nitrate and ammonium ions are present in the urea-based medium under light and dark conditions, as the nitrogen source could increase the biomass accumulation even in the different trophic conditions of microalgae.…”

Section: Current Production Strategy To Induce Biomass At the Greementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Haematococcus pluvialis Bioprocess Optimization of Green and Red Stage Culture Conditions for the Production of Natural Astaxanthin

et al. 2021

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As the most recognizable natural secondary carotenoid astaxanthin producer, the green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation is performed via a two-stage process. The first is dedicated to biomass accumulation under growth-favoring conditions (green stage), and the second stage is for astaxanthin evolution under various stress conditions (red stage). This mini-review discusses the further improvement made on astaxanthin production by providing an overview of recent works on H. pluvialis, including the valuable ideas for bioprocess optimization on cell growth, and the current stress-exerting strategies for astaxanthin pigment production. The effects of nutrient constituents, especially nitrogen and carbon sources, and illumination intensity are emphasized during the green stage. On the other hand, the significance of the nitrogen depletion strategy and other exogenous factors comprising salinity, illumination, and temperature are considered for the astaxanthin inducement during the red stage. In short, any factor that interferes with the cellular processes that limit the growth or photosynthesis in the green stage could trigger the encystment process and astaxanthin formation during the red stage. This review provides an insight regarding the parameters involved in bioprocess optimization for high-value astaxanthin biosynthesis from H. pluvialis.

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Pigment production by Scenedesmus dimorphus using different low‐cost and alternative culture media

Ahmad

Mounsef

Lteif

2021

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: This study investigated the feasibility of producing pigments from Scenedesmus dimorphus using different lowcost synthetic and alternative media. Thus the influence of nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency, different nitrogen sources and alternative culture media (wheat bran, garlic powder, wheat bran supplemented with garlic powder) on pigment and biomass production was evaluated. RESULTS: Among the three sources of nitrogen studied (ammonium sulfate, urea and sodium nitrate), urea was the cheapest efficient alternative source of nitrogen for pigment production, especially total chlorophylls (67.38 ∼g L −1 d −1 ), by this strain, without strongly affecting biomass yield. Phosphorus deficiency had no negative effect on biomass production, but improved the production of zeaxanthin and chlorophyll b by13.1% and 26.8%, respectively, compared to control. Compared to BG-11 medium, the alternative garlic powder medium increased the biomass yield of S. dimorphus by 5.2 times, improved the productivity of xanthophylls and contributed to the accumulation of ⊎-carotene. Wheat bran medium was found to be efficient as a zero-cost culture medium for the production of pigments, where S. dimorphus accumulated twice the total pigment concentration of the control, with high ⊎-carotene productivity (38.58 ± 11.94 ∼g L −1 d −1 ). The addition of garlic powder to wheat bran increased the biomass (3.14 g L −1 ) and pigment productivity (216.86 ± 2.06 ∼g L −1 d −1 ) by 28.5 and 1.4 times, respectively, but inhibited zeaxanthin biosynthesis. This alternative medium reduced biomass and pigment production costs by 99.80% and 96.21%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Wheat bran supplemented with garlic powder showed good application potential for the industrial production of biomass and pigments from S. dimorphus in open cultivation systems where garlic powder might be used simultaneously for biomass and pigment accumulation, and for biological contamination control.

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Understanding Urea Assimilation and its Effect on Lipid Production and Fatty Acid Composition of Scenedesmus Sp

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

The effect of diverse nitrogen sources in the nutrient medium on the growth of the green microalgae Chromochloris zofingiensis in the batch culture

The effect of diverse nitrogen sources in the nutrient medium on the growth of the green microalgae Chromochloris zofingiensis in the batch culture

A Review on Haematococcus pluvialis Bioprocess Optimization of Green and Red Stage Culture Conditions for the Production of Natural Astaxanthin

Pigment production by Scenedesmus dimorphus using different low‐cost and alternative culture media

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