Understanding unintentional childhood home injuries: pilot surveillance data from Karachi, Pakistan

Zia, Nukhba; Khan, Uzma Rahim; Razzak, Junaid Abdul; Puvanachandra, Prasanthi; Hyder, Adnan A.

doi:10.1186/1756-0500-5-37

Cited by 32 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This proportion is less than one in five reported elsewhere but our sample included only the ED-reported injuries which itself is a significant outcome. This is consistent with another hospital-based study from Pakistan which showed that school injuries contribute towards 5% of unintentional injuries among children less than 11 years of age [20]. The National annual incident rate for school injuries in Pakistan is 1.6 per 1 000 per year [15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

School-based injury outcomes in children from a low-income setting: results from the pilot injury surveillance in Rawalpindi city, Pakistan

Khan

Bhatti²,

Zia

et al. 2013

BMC Res Notes

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BackgroundSchool-based injuries account for one in five unintentional childhood injuries. Little is known about the epidemiology of school-based injuries in low-income settings. The objective of our study was to compare emergency department (ED) outcomes of the school-based injuries with respect to age, sex, and injury mechanisms in a Pakistani urban setting.FindingsA pilot injury surveillance study was conducted at the EDs of three major tertiary-care hospitals of Rawalpindi city from July 2007 to June 2008 and included children of less than 15 years injured at school. The World Health Organization’s questionnaire for injury surveillance was used. There were 923 school injury cases. Mean age of children involved was 8.3 years (SD ± 3.3) with male female ratio 2.9:1. Most injuries occurred while playing 85.6% (n = 789); of which the most common mechanism was falls (n = 797, 86.4%). Nineteen of twenty cases were directly discharged home from the ED (N = 861). Compared to ED discharged cases, injury characteristics overrepresented in hospital admitted cases (n = 46) were age 10–14 years (65.2% vs. 40.9%, p = 0.005), male (88.6% vs. 25.9%), involved in educational activities (39.1% vs. 5.3%), injured from fire/heat (37.8% vs. 0.6%), had burns (39.5% vs. 0.9%) and head injuries (27.9% vs. 6.4%).ConclusionFalls while playing are the commonest injury mechanism in school-based injuries reported in our ED sample. School officials need to prevent these injuries. Studying injury hazards present in school environment in Pakistan might facilitate developing specific prevention strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

School-based injury outcomes in children from a low-income setting: results from the pilot injury surveillance in Rawalpindi city, Pakistan

Khan

Bhatti²,

Zia

et al. 2013

BMC Res Notes

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“…Others from Pakistan have made similar observations [17] and this highlights the unsafe environment of our households and the low levels of hazard awareness among parents. In a case-control study from Pakistan, Singer and Ghaffar [18] showed that the size of the dwelling, the level of education of the mother, and the number of children in the household are significant risk factors for injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Unintentional Head Injury in Children Less than 3 Years of Age: An Insight into Safety Practices in a Developing Country

Waqas

Jooma²

2017

Pediatr Neurosurg

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Being dependent on caretakers for their safety, children under the age of 3 years are particularly vulnerable to unintentional injury. To identify the circumstances and consequences of head injury in this age group and to assess preventability in a setting of low parental educational levels, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of children less than 3 years of age admitted to hospital with a head injury and in addition categorized the degree of preventability of injury. This study included 109 children, representing a third of head-injured children under the age of 16 years, and 23.4% of these were infants. A significant proportion of head injuries, i.e., 20.18%, were designated “serious” and there was an in-hospital mortality rate of 7.3%. Most of the injuries (80%) occurred in the home and 76% could have been prevented through improved parental supervision and safety measures. We conclude that, in a setting of low maternal education, head injuries in preschoolers largely result from a lack of diligence of the caretakers, presenting opportunities for prevention strategies via a multidimensional approach that integrates safety information into the preexisting national health programs.

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“…A hypothesis behind high rate of injuries in children at home is that they spend a considerable amount of time at home at this age. As a result, they are at higher risk of home injuries [18]. It is expected that as children grow to have age between 1-2 years the rate of accidents at home approximates its climax because children begin to move and their growth will be faster , then the rate will slowly decrease due to the lower presence at home [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic Injuries among Children Under 7 Years of Age in Iran; The Baseline Results from the Iranian First Registry

Esfanjani

Sadeghi‐Bazargani

Golestani

et al. 2017

BEAT

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Objective: To investigate epidemiological aspects of injuries among Iranian children under 7 years of age using obtained data from a national registry. Methods: Injury data were derived from a national-based injury supervision system during [2000][2001][2002]. This registry involved all of home-related injuries for children less than 7 years of age that treated in health or emergency centers. The study population included 25% of Iranian people. The descriptive statistical methods were used for representing the distribution of the variables like age, sex, injury mechanisms, types of injuries, etc. Data were presented as mean ± SD and proportions as appropriate. Results: Of the total 307,064 domestic injuries registered during [2000][2001][2002] 77,500 cases (25.2%) were children. 70% of these children (54581 cases) were in age group of 1-5 years. The large fraction (58.8%) of injuries among children under 7 years of age went back to burn injuries. Cuts and lacerations were at the second level with 17.4%. 51% of injuries had contact with hot liquids. Of all children under 7 years of age injuries, 282 died, 86 were disabled, while the rest improved or being under treatment when recording data. Conclusion: Injuries, particularly burns (especially those who had contact with hot liquids that led into scald), are major public health problem that children under 7 years of age encounter. Therefore, it seems necessary to provide adequate plans to promote children under 7 years of age safety issues.

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Understanding unintentional childhood home injuries: pilot surveillance data from Karachi, Pakistan

Cited by 32 publications

References 16 publications

School-based injury outcomes in children from a low-income setting: results from the pilot injury surveillance in Rawalpindi city, Pakistan

School-based injury outcomes in children from a low-income setting: results from the pilot injury surveillance in Rawalpindi city, Pakistan

Unintentional Head Injury in Children Less than 3 Years of Age: An Insight into Safety Practices in a Developing Country

Domestic Injuries among Children Under 7 Years of Age in Iran; The Baseline Results from the Iranian First Registry

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