Understanding them to understand ourselves: The importance of NHP research for translational neuroscience

A framework and resource for global collaboration in non-human primate neuroscience

“…Depending on the power for a given effect size, two or more animals may be needed to show that results in one could generalize to other animals. Furthermore, neuroscience case studies in NHPs can provide valuable insights to understanding the brain and its function in primates (e.g., Bridge et al, 2019 ; Lear et al, 2022 ).…”

“…NHP neuroscience research is strictly regulated around the world and work with NHPs requires appropriate species-specific knowledge and individual animal oriented expert care and specialized training Jain et al (in press) . Neuroscience research involving NHP animal models contributes to advances in scientific knowledge in relation to higher-order cognitive processes, sensory and motor systems neuroscience, and neuropsychiatric diseases and disorders ( Buffalo et al, 2019 ; Klein et al, 2016 ; Klink et al, 2021 ; Lear et al, 2022 ; Maunsell and Treue, 2006 ; Mendoza et al, 2016 ). NHP research also contributes to the development of better care and treatments for neurological patients as well as those in other fields of medicine ( Buffalo et al, 2019 ; Deere et al, 2021 ; Dijkman et al, 2019 ; Donahoe et al, 2009 ; Friedman et al, 2017 ; Jensen et al, 2020 ; Janssen et al, 2023 ).…”

Adaptable three-pin skull clamp for large animal research

“…When performing neurobiological research, the use of large animal models is critical to the efficient translation of novel therapies. Non-human primates (NHPs) like rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ) and cynomolgus macaques ( Macaca fascicularis ) are common animal models for neurobiological research because they have brains, spinal cords, and eyes that are most like humans in cellular structure, gross anatomy, and functional connectivity [1] . For example, NHPs are important for the investigation of the mechanisms of upper-limb motor recovery after stroke.…”

Distribution of calbindin-positive neurons across areas and layers of the marmoset cerebral cortex

“…In comparison, our knowledge of this subject in the primate cortex remains less complete, despite recent progress in mapping the distribution of cells expressing different molecules based on transcriptomics (Chen et al, 2023; Krienen et al, 2023) and receptor radioautography (Froudist-Walsh et al, 2023). A comprehensive knowledge of the distribution of different neuronal types in non-human primates is particularly important given the marked elaboration of the cortex in primate evolution and their essential role in translational research (Mitchell et al, 2018; Lear et al, 2022).…”