Understanding the temperature–resistance performance of a borate cross-linked hydroxypropyl guar gum fracturing fluid based on a facile evaluation method

Abstract

A facile procedure has been proposed to evaluate the temperature–resistance performance of fracturing fluids, which was used to understand the temperature–tolerance performance of a borate cross-linked hydroxypropyl guar gum fracturing fluid.

Rheological properties of an ultra-high salt hydrophobic associated polymer as a fracturing fluid system

“…The chains of the polymer molecules are stretched with the rise in temperature. 23 As shown in Fig. 15(A), the viscosity is reduced to 25 mPa s when the temperature is raised to 90 C. Moreover, the intramolecular associations gradually transformed to intermolecular associations as the concentration increased, showing a better temperature tolerance.…”

Application of Polysaccharide Biopolymer in Petroleum Recovery

“…Compared with synthetic polymers, the poor thermostability is the most disadvantaged in Guar gum, which makes it unsuitable at higher temperatures than 83 • C. Holding better thermostability, modified Guar such as Carboxymethyl Guar gum (CMG), Carboxymethyl Hydroxypropyl Guar (CMHPG) and cellulose-based polymers such as Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), and Carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC) are alternative biopolymers applied at high temperature [113,114]. The modification brought excellent stability that maintains the viscosity at temperatures up to 160 • C [115]. However, due to the higher cost yet worse thickening effect, utilization of these alternatives is not as economic as native Guar gum.…”