Understanding the role of tissue-specific decellularized spinal cord matrix hydrogel for neural stem/progenitor cell microenvironment reconstruction and spinal cord injury

Engineering hiPSC-CM and hiPSC-EC laden 3D nanofibrous splenic hydrogel for improving cardiac function through revascularization and remuscularization in infarcted heart

“…Since the safety of mouse sarcoma tumor-derived Matrigel for clinical applications remains to be evaluated [ 46 ], our work indicated that SpGel could replace Matrigel as a supporting microenvironment for iPSC culture and differentiation. Yiwei Xu et al also reported that a spinal cord-derived DSCM gel could be used for 3D culture of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) and demonstrated that the DSCM gel promoted the proliferation, migration and differentiation of NSPCs [ 26 ]. An ECM hydrogel derived from human omental tissues also demonstrated efficient cardiac, cortical and adipogenic differentiation within the hydrogel [ 47 ].…”

“…Collagen in SpGel was quantified using a QuickZyme Collagen assay kit (QuickZyme Biosciences) [ 25 ]. GAG in SpGel was estimated using a GAG quantitation assay kit (GENMED scientifics Inc., USA) via DMMB according to the manufacturer's instructions [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Natural Biomaterials as Instructive Engineered Microenvironments That Direct Cellular Function in Peripheral Nerve Tissue Engineering

“…When implanted in vivo , these materials provide site appropriate extracellular matrix components and modulate cellular behaviour, such as macrophage phenotype, to promote positive tissue remodelling ( Crapo et al, 2011 ; Medberry et al, 2013 ; Saldin et al, 2017 ; Spang and Christman, 2018 ). Tissue specific effects of hydrogels derived from decellularised extracellular matrix have been observed in neural tissue repair; peripheral nerve extracellular matrix derived hydrogels were biochemically distinct from spinal cord extracellular matrix derived hydrogels and thus had specific effects on the transcriptome of neural stem cells ( Xu et al, 2021 ). Prest et al (2017) employed a canine peripheral nerve derived extracellular matrix hydrogel within a silicone conduit that improved Schwann cell infiltration and increased the M2:M1 macrophage population ratio when compared to an empty conduit in a critical sized defect.…”

The Different Effect of Decellularized Myocardial Matrix Hydrogel and Decellularized Small Intestinal Submucosa Matrix Hydrogel on Cardiomyocytes and Ischemic Heart

“…Decellularized matrix hydrogels derived from peripheral nerves (DNM-G) can promote myelination of axons [14] but are not conducive to synapse formation. Meanwhile, hydrogels derived from spinal cord decellularized matrix facilitate the survival, proliferation, and migration of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs), and promote NSPCs neuronal differentiation [15]; nucleus pulposus decellularized matrix hydrogels derived from intervertebral discs are beneficial to the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into nucleus pulposus-like cells; and decellularized matrix hydrogels from annulus fibrosus facilitate the differentiation of MSCs into annulus fibrosus-like cells [16]. Ungerleider et al [17] also found that skeletal muscle and human umbilical cord-derived decellularized hydrogels can repair peripheral arterial disease in a rat hind limb ischemia model, and the former reconstructed muscle tissue was closer to natural healthy skeletal muscle.…”

“…There are 22 and 16 specific ECM matrisome proteins for the decellularized spinal cord matrix (DSCM) and decellularized peripheral nerve matrix, respectively. The DSCM specific glycoprotein and secreted factor, tenascin family, and fibroblast growth factor 2, are proved to be able to promote the NSPCs proliferation [15]. For regeneration of complex tissues, a study from Cunniffe et al [18] showed that specific proteins were found in scaffolds derived from Growth plate ECM, such as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 and angiopoietin like 2, which are believed to play a role in angiogenesis; and C-Type Lectin Domain Containing 11A, Matrix Metallopeptidase 13 and S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A10, which can promote osteogenesis.…”