Understanding the role of insects in the acquisition and transmission of antibiotic resistance

Rawat, Nitish; Kaushik, Anjali; Singh, Shreyata; Sabu, Benoy; Jamwal, Rohit; Devi, Pukhrambam Pushpa; Yadav, Karuna; Raina, Harpreet Singh; Rajagopal, Raman

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159805

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…While there are plenty of observational studies addressing antimicrobial resistance and its dissemination in complex communities (e.g., see reviews 49 – 51 ), there remains a paucity of in vivo experimental research on the transmission of ARGs between populations, i.e., on the experimental epidemiology of AMR ( 8 , 15 ). Here, we challenged live microbiomes in gregarious cockroaches with antibiotics and observed a decrease in bacterial diversity and increase in ARG content in treated microbiomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of antimicrobial resistance in the gut microbiome of gregarious cockroaches: the importance of interaction between antibiotic exposed and non-exposed populations

Bogri,

Jensen,

Borchert

et al. 2024

mSystems

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health concern, further complicated by its spread via the microbiome bacterial members. While mathematical models discuss AMR transmission through the symbiotic microbiome, experimental studies are scarce. Herein, we used a gregarious cockroach, Pycnoscelus surinamensis, as an in vivo animal model for AMR transmission investigations. We explored whether the effect of antimicrobial treatment is detectable with metagenomic sequencing, and whether AMR genes can be spread and established in unchallenged (not treated with antibiotics) individuals following contact with treated donors, and under various frequencies of interaction. Gut and soil substrate microbiomes were investigated by metagenomic sequencing for bacterial community composition and resistome profiling. We found that tetracycline treatment altered the treated gut microbiome by decreasing bacterial diversity and increasing the abundance of tetracycline resistance genes. Untreated cockroaches that interacted with treated donors also had elevated tetracycline resistance. The levels of resistance differed depending on the magnitude and frequency of donor transfer. Additionally, treated donors showed signs of microbiome recovery due to their interaction with the untreated ones. Similar patterns were also recorded in the soil substrate microbiomes. Our results shed light on how interacting microbiomes facilitate AMR gene transmission to previously unchallenged hosts, a dynamic influenced by the interaction frequencies, using an in vivo model to validate theoretical AMR transmission models. IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial resistance is a rising threat to human and animal health. The spread of resistance through the transmission of the symbiotic gut microbiome is of concern and has been explored in theoretical modeling studies. In this study, we employ gregarious insect populations to examine the emergence and transmission of antimicrobial resistance in vivo and validate modeling hypotheses. We find that antimicrobial treatment increases the levels of resistance in treated populations. Most importantly, we show that resistance increased in untreated populations after interacting with the treated ones. The level of resistance transmission was affected by the magnitude and frequency of population mixing. Our results highlight the importance of microbial transmission in the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of antimicrobial resistance in the gut microbiome of gregarious cockroaches: the importance of interaction between antibiotic exposed and non-exposed populations

Bogri,

Jensen,

Borchert

et al. 2024

mSystems

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“…Salmonella enterica and Shigella sonnei [130]. Development of AMR in these pathogens in the honey bee gut would pose a threat to human, animal, and honey bee health [131,132].…”

Section: Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity and Challenges of Honey Bee Population in Pakistan

2024

Sci. Lett.

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Honey bees are important pollinators that support food security and nature’s biodiversity. They are also a source of various honey bee-derived products (api-products) used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. However, various biological, chemical and physical factors threaten the population and biodiversity of feral and managed honey bees. These challenges have not been elaborated upon in the Pakistani context; therefore, this review aims to identify and describe the menaces to feral and domesticated populations of honey bees in Pakistan. Four honey bee species are reported in the country, with the Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) currently being the main domesticated species. Climate change and urbanization are altering the habitats of honey bees. Additionally, agrochemicals are extensively used to manage emerging pests, exacerbating environmental pollution. The air quality in the majority of urban areas is toxic for honey bees. Although remote forest areas can provide habitat and food for these insects, low forest cover and non-sustainable silviculture are still significant hurdles. Microplastics and antimicrobials are impacting the fitness of honey bees and also appear in their products, making it a One-Health issue. Electromagnetic signals also influence honey bee health and behavior. Overall, all these factors influence honey bee health and colony fitness, ultimately causing population declines in both managed and wild honey bees. The purpose of this information is to assist decision-makers, researchers, beekeepers and educators in comprehending the obstacles faced by the honey bee population within the context of Pakistan.

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“…The threat posed by zoonoses, pandemics and their impact on the environment is given too little attention worldwide (Ramanathan et al 2021). Despite their wellknown role in spreading clinically important infections, insects are among the neglected factors that have hardly been studied as AMR vectors (Rawat et al 2023).…”

Section: Antimicrobial Resistance As a Worldwide Public Health Crisismentioning

confidence: 99%

One health initiative to mitigate the challenge of antimicrobial resistance in the perspectives of developing countries

Tesema,

Birhanu

2024

Bull Natl Res Cent

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Background Antimicrobial resistance is among the critical global public health crises nowadays. Main body of the abstract Despite its global nature, antimicrobial resistance disproportionately affects developing countries due to scant diagnostic services, insufficient prescription procedures, inadequate dissemination of information to patients, unauthorized sale of antimicrobials, use of substandard or falsified drugs, poor drug regulatory mechanisms, non-human use of antimicrobials, lack of awareness, expertise, and funds, and also lack of political will to implement the necessary measurements. Furthermore, the disposal of human and animal wastes close to human residences, and lack of access to clean water contribute to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and antimicrobial-resistant genes. Antimicrobial resistance is predicted to reduce gross domestic product by 1.1–3.8% by 2050. These include a $60-$100 trillion loss resulting in increased morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The world's highest mortality rate from antimicrobial resistance infection is observed in Africa. To alleviate such life-threatening challenge, One Health strategies like effective communication, education, training, surveillance, detection and joint effort across disciplines and sectors are urgently needed. Global and national preparedness to identify and prioritize antimicrobial resistance-relevant pollutants, surveillance and monitoring of antimicrobials is important. Short conclusion Therefore, the present review aims to address the collaborative efforts for joint action by several sectors and multidisciplinary areas under the umbrella of One Health to combat antimicrobial resistance challenges in developing countries.

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Understanding the role of insects in the acquisition and transmission of antibiotic resistance

Cited by 8 publications

References 150 publications

Transmission of antimicrobial resistance in the gut microbiome of gregarious cockroaches: the importance of interaction between antibiotic exposed and non-exposed populations

Transmission of antimicrobial resistance in the gut microbiome of gregarious cockroaches: the importance of interaction between antibiotic exposed and non-exposed populations

Biodiversity and Challenges of Honey Bee Population in Pakistan

One health initiative to mitigate the challenge of antimicrobial resistance in the perspectives of developing countries

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