Understanding the Relationship Between Mental Disorder and Violence: The Need for a Criminological Perspective.

Silver, Eric

doi:10.1007/s10979-006-9018-z

Cited by 119 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(137 reference statements)

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“…In addition to items commonly found in other risk assessment and management instruments, the operationalization of many variables is expressed in line with modern integrated criminology as described by Wikström [23] and suggested by Silver [24]. The instrument can be downloaded from this home page: www.mindstoit.se.…”

Section: Other Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scale of Evil-Interjudge Reliability and Associations with Predictor Variables

Levander¹

2018

FSAR

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Background: The concept of Evil has only rarely been the subject of empirical studies, which in turn requires a distinct definition of the concept, schemes for operationalization and development of measurement tools. The Scale of Evil (SoE) was constructed 1993 but has not yet been studied empirically. Aim:The main aim was to assess the reliability of the SoE. A second aim was to explore the correlation pattern between SoE and a range of other characteristics of perpetrators of crime. This might shed light on how Evil is construed in the minds of forensic professionals, and laymen.Method: 139 forensic psychiatric patients (stratified selection) were scored according to SoE by two independent raters. Psychopathy and HCR-15 (risk assessment) scores, as well as a data on a wide range of other individual characteristics were available for most of the subjects. Results:The interjudge reliability was very high with respect to rank order (tau=0.94) as well as distribution of scores (almost identical). Among more than 100 individual characteristics, one variable displayed a particularly strong association with SoE scores: Lack of Compassion (tau=0.49). As expected SoE correlated with PCL scores, but actually stronger with a diagnosis of Antisocial Personality Disorder, and item H1 (previous violence) and H8 (early behavioural problems) of the HCR-15. Significant associations were also obtained with many other variables, in line with expectations. Conclusion:SoE is a highly reliable scale. The pattern of associations with the other individual characteristics verifies the importance of psychopathic characteristics when scoring SoE, but SoE goes beyond being" another psychopathy scale". The Compassion variable, with its roots in criminological theory, appears to be a key to understand how raters construe Evil and rate SoE. The strong association qualifies as a construct validation of the SoE scale. (SoE). In addition to murder, the scale exemplifies scale steps with reference also to other crimes, for instance serial rapes. Stone constructed his scale on the basis of psychodynamic theory (particularly the concept of narcissism), psychopathy and his own clinical cases as well as case descriptions in mass media of persons known to have been exceptionally cruel to a partner, to children, or to other family members. KeywordsThe concept of excessive selfishness has been recognized throughout history, in ancient Greece labelled as "hubris". In 1911 Otto Rank published the first psychoanalytical paper regarding narcissism, linking it to vanity and self-admiration [13]. Kohut [14] and Kernberg [15] have contributed most to the current analytical understanding of narcissism, but from different points of departure. According to Kohut [14] the environment is the major cause of problems for such persons and there is no separate inborn and problematic aggressive drive. The "grandiose self" reflects the "fixation of an archaic but 'normal' primitive self" while for Kernberg [15] it is a pathological development of the aggre...

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Section: Other Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scale of Evil-Interjudge Reliability and Associations with Predictor Variables

Levander¹

2018

FSAR

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“…Risk factors associated with violence in general, such as cognitive impairments, childhood behavioral problems, antisocial traits, and substance abuse, are more common in people with schizophrenia already (Andrews et al, 2006;Girard and Wormith, 2004), and these factors alone may explain most of the increased prevalence of violence associated with mental illness (Hodgins, 2008). In addition, people with mental illnesses are also more likely to have other non-illnessrelated risk factors for violence, such as living in poor, crime-ridden neighborhoods and having decreased levels of personal support (Silver, 2006).…”

Section: The Neuroscience Of Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Would a neuroscience of violence aid in understanding legal culpability?

Hardcastle

2015

Cognitive Systems Research

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“…Furthermore, Silver (2006) recently called upon scholars to consider the role of criminological risk factors, such as social learning, informal social control, strain, and neighborhood disorganization when examining violent behavior among persons with mental disorders. Accordingly, Silver and Teasdale (2005) detected higher levels of stress among those with mental health disorders, and they found that aversive life experiences partially attenuated the association between mental disorder and violence in a general sample.…”

Section: Criminological Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Correlates of Delinquency for Youth in Need of Mental Health Services: Examining the Scope Conditions of Criminological Theories

Vogel¹,

Messner²

2012

Justice Quarterly

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While both traditional criminological inquiry and mental health research have identified internal and external constellations of risk factors associated with juvenile offending, interdisciplinary discourse has been limited. This paper takes a step in bridging the gap between criminological literature and work in the field of children's mental health by evaluating the combined effects of social and mental health predictors on juvenile delinquency in a sample of youth with diagnosed clinical disorders. Results of multivariate analyses indicate that both traditional social risk factors as well as indicators of the nature and severity of youths' mental health disorders contribute to delinquency. Moreover, the influence of one well-established risk factor, self-control, on delinquency is moderated by the presence of oppositional defiant disorder. The results of this study suggest that researchers and practitioners should consider the cumulative influence of social risk factors and psychological impairment in the etiology of delinquency.

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Understanding the Relationship Between Mental Disorder and Violence: The Need for a Criminological Perspective.

Cited by 119 publications

References 70 publications

The Scale of Evil-Interjudge Reliability and Associations with Predictor Variables

The Scale of Evil-Interjudge Reliability and Associations with Predictor Variables

Would a neuroscience of violence aid in understanding legal culpability?

Social Correlates of Delinquency for Youth in Need of Mental Health Services: Examining the Scope Conditions of Criminological Theories

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