2018
DOI: 10.1177/1090198118763934
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Understanding the Relationship Between Female Sex Workers and Their Intimate Partners: Lessons and Initial Findings From Participatory Research in North Karnataka, South India

Abstract: While traditional HIV prevention programs with female sex workers (FSWs) in Karnataka, India, have focused on reducing HIV transmission between FSWs and clients through increased condom use, these programs have not fully addressed the transmission risk between FSWs and their nonpaying intimate partners (IPs). Condom use is infrequent and violence is recurrent in these relationships: Furthermore, there is little evidence on the precise nature of FSW–IP relationships. Our study addresses this knowledge gap to in… Show more

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Cited by 23 publications
(15 citation statements)
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References 38 publications
(57 reference statements)
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“…The power imbalance due to the effect of gender and nature of service also affect consistent condom utilization. Given that men are dominant (patriarchal society), and since they are paying for the service, they are in a position of power to use or not to use a condom [19].…”
Section: Exercising Identity and Condom Usementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The power imbalance due to the effect of gender and nature of service also affect consistent condom utilization. Given that men are dominant (patriarchal society), and since they are paying for the service, they are in a position of power to use or not to use a condom [19].…”
Section: Exercising Identity and Condom Usementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Domestic violence can inhibit women from negotiating condom use [ 15 , 39 , 40 ]. Within FSWs’ intimate partnerships, women’s ability to negotiate condom use is often severely compromised due to norms around female obedience and fidelity, men’s ignorance of her sex work status, men’s expectations that their partner will abandon sex work and are therefore no longer a source of risk, and women’s emotional and sometimes financial dependence on their partners [ 57 59 ]. All of these challenges are exacerbated if a male partner is violent.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Condomless sex is also used by sex workers in this setting to demonstrate intimacy and fidelity to their partner, who frequently demand exclusivity as a condition of the relationship. This is particularly relevant here where sex work was often concealed from partners and the lack of condoms used to prove that individuals were not engaging in sex work 29 37. We found some evidence to suggest that the intervention had a small effect in reducing acceptance of violence.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 87%