“…Thus, according to some studies [28,42,47,48] if inflation increases, it can be recorded an increase in business opportunities because higher price levels for products and services can lead to increased expectations of the earnings of entrepreneurs. On the other hand, inflation can discourage entrepreneurship because the business environment is considered riskier, it increases costs for starting a business [19,46], and increases the population's income inequality and reduces the reward entrepreneurship, becoming an obstacle to entrepreneurship [49].…”
Entrepreneurship plays a major role in national economies, being considered one of the main engines of economic growth, and an important contributor to creating new jobs and innovations. Identifying the main determinants of entrepreneurial activity is important for helping the decision makers in adopting adequate measures to support the creation and development of new businesses. The turbulent economic environment in recent years dominated by economic and financial crises, resulting in a reduction in economic growth but also in an increase in unemployment, has led decision makers to turn their attention again to the determinant factors of entrepreneurship. Starting from those stated above, through this paper we aim to investigate the impact of some macroeconomic, individual and business environment-related factors on the dynamics of entrepreneurial activity in 18 European Union (EU) countries for a period of 14 years (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015). We use three regression models and we apply panel data fixed effect model approach. The results of our study highlight that inflation rate, foreign direct investments, access to finance and total tax rate are the main macroeconomic determinants of entrepreneurship. Also, we find that all individual business-related factors considered in the analysis have a significant impact on total entrepreneurship rate.
“…Thus, according to some studies [28,42,47,48] if inflation increases, it can be recorded an increase in business opportunities because higher price levels for products and services can lead to increased expectations of the earnings of entrepreneurs. On the other hand, inflation can discourage entrepreneurship because the business environment is considered riskier, it increases costs for starting a business [19,46], and increases the population's income inequality and reduces the reward entrepreneurship, becoming an obstacle to entrepreneurship [49].…”
Entrepreneurship plays a major role in national economies, being considered one of the main engines of economic growth, and an important contributor to creating new jobs and innovations. Identifying the main determinants of entrepreneurial activity is important for helping the decision makers in adopting adequate measures to support the creation and development of new businesses. The turbulent economic environment in recent years dominated by economic and financial crises, resulting in a reduction in economic growth but also in an increase in unemployment, has led decision makers to turn their attention again to the determinant factors of entrepreneurship. Starting from those stated above, through this paper we aim to investigate the impact of some macroeconomic, individual and business environment-related factors on the dynamics of entrepreneurial activity in 18 European Union (EU) countries for a period of 14 years (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015). We use three regression models and we apply panel data fixed effect model approach. The results of our study highlight that inflation rate, foreign direct investments, access to finance and total tax rate are the main macroeconomic determinants of entrepreneurship. Also, we find that all individual business-related factors considered in the analysis have a significant impact on total entrepreneurship rate.
“…A partir de los años ochenta emergen un conjunto de estudios académicos sobre el tema desde muy diversas vertientes. A esta emergencia corresponden las investigaciones que analizan la propensión al emprendimiento a partir de la influencia de la movilidad, tanto social como geográfica (Hagen, 1968); los estudios que inciden en la determinación de factores contextuales sobre el emprendimiento, tales como la existencia de redes sociales y recursos de índole diversa (Gibb y Ritchie, 1982;Ajzen, 1988;Burt, 2000); así como aquellos estudios que relativizan la determinación del empresario en favor de una combinación de factores que operan a largo plazo (Giraudeau, 2007). El enfoque competencial, conjuga la perspectiva sociológica y la psicoló-gica, en tanto las competencias son adquiridas en un contexto social que va a determinar su posesión y posibilidades de desarrollo.…”
Section: Emprendimiento Competencias Y Génerounclassified
RESUMENEl objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las competencias que se atribuyen las mujeres que han desarrollado una actividad emprendedora. De acuerdo con la literatura sobre el tema, en la consecución de este objetivo se han identificado los elementos moderadores implicados en la adquisición, estimulación y desarrollo de dichas competencias, como son la formación, la experiencia y la motivación para emprender. Se ha utilizado una metodología cuantitativa basada en el análisis de la encuesta realizada a una muestra de 420 emprendedoras en toda España. Según los resultados obtenidos las mujeres identifican fortaleza en competencias relacionadas con las características psicológicas, en particular, las relacionadas con el autoconocimiento y la gestión de las propias emociones. Por el contrario, se atribuyen una mayor debilidad en las competencias relacionadas con la gestión de recursos humanos, la iniciativa para el logro de objetivos y el liderazgo.Palabras clave: Competencias, capacidades, habilidades, género.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this paper is to analyze the competencies attributed to women who have developed an entrepreneurial activity. According to the previous
Artículos / ArticlesFactores competenciales en el emprendimiento de la mujer / Competence factors in the entrepreneurship of women
“…Sous ce vocable de « vision » se trouvent parfois réunis le concept de rêveur réaliste (visionnaire) et le mode d'apprentissage particulier. Par ailleurs, la capacité d'apprentissage de l'entrepreneur semble essentielle dans la réussite ou l'échec du projet (Livian et Marion, 1991 ;Le Marois, 1985 ;Massacrier et Rigaud, 1984 ;Gibb et Ritchie, 1982 ;Marion, 1999). Bouchikhi (1991) parle du créateur, comme « d'un pilote apprenant à piloter en pilotant ».…”
Section: Tous Droits De Reproduction De Traduction Et D'adaptation Runclassified
L’objet de cet article est de repérer les compétences mobilisées par le porteur de projet innovant pour créer son entreprise, à partir d’une analyse de la littérature et d’une démarche empirique qualitative. Tout d’abord, l’analyse de la littérature de gestion semble montrer que cerner la compétence du créateur requiert une révision des cadres d’analyse habituellement employés. Ensuite, quatre projets de création d’entreprises innovantes sont analysés pour repérer et évaluer les compétences mises en œuvre à chacune des différentes étapes du processus de création. Une discussion critique amène à préciser les contenus de la compétence du créateur et à interroger les démarches d’accompagnement des projets innovants.This research paper identifies the skills mobilised by a company’s founder while creating his company. First, we note that current management research literature in this area is weak, and the analysis framework of the founder’s competences needs to be revised. Second, using an empirical qualitative method, four projects of innovative companies are analysed to pinpoint and assess the skills required at each step of the company’s foundation process. In our critique, we analyse thoroughly the skills required in these innovations and we also discuss the support practices that were invoked to facilitate the projects.El objeto de este artículo es de reparar en las habilidades puestas en marcha por el emprendedor de un proyecto de innovación al crear su empresa, a partir de un análisis de la literatura y de una práctica cualitativa empírica. En primer lugar, el análisis de la literatura de gestion parece mostrar que la habilidad de un emprendedor requiere una revisión de los cuadros de análisis habitualmente puestos en marcha. En seguida, cuatro proyectos de innovacion son analizados para mostrar y evaluar las habilidades puestas en obra en cada etapa del proceso de creación. Una discución crítica destinada a conocer las habilidades del emprendedor y a questionar las acciones de acompañamiento de proyectos innovantes.Der Gegenstand dieses Artikels besteht darin, die mobilisierten Kompetenzen von innovativen Projektträgern im Rahmen von Unternehmensgründungen zu erfor-schen. Zuerst scheint die Analyse der Managementliteratur zu zeigen, dass für die Erfassung der Kompetenzen eines Gründers der gewöhnliche Rahmen genügt.In der Folge wurden im Rahmen eines empirischen Vorgehens vier innovative Gründungsprojekte analysiert, um die Kompetenzen in den verschiedenen Phasen des Gründungsprozesses zu entdecken und zu bewerten. Eine kritische Diskussion veranlasste, die Kompetenzinhalte des Ideengebers festzulegen und die Begleitung der innovativen Projekten zu hinterfragen
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.