Understanding the process of adaptation to car-use reduction goals

Loukopoulos, Peter; Jakobsson, Cecilia; Gärling, Tommy; Meland, Solveig; Fujii, Satoshi

doi:10.1016/j.trf.2005.09.003

Cited by 53 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Although scenario 2 prosed a considerably higher reduction goal to the participants, there was only a slight increase of the total reduction. This finding might be explained by a cost hierarchy present in change options, implying that generally people first select alternatives that are less costly in terms of money and effort, and that additional change is more costly and therefore more difficult to achieve (Loukopoulos et al, 2006). It might also indicate a 'shock effect' in scenario 1, that is, the introduction of the measure has an effect apart from the total credits available (Dogterom et al, 2017).…”

Section: Data Collection Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural effects of a tradable driving credit scheme: Results of an online stated adaptation experiment in the Netherlands

Dogterom

Ettema

Dijst

2018

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

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A B S T R A C TThere is increasing interest in the application of tradable credit schemes in the context of personal travel. To anticipate the short-term effects of a distance-based tradable driving credit (TDC) scheme, an innovative stated adaptation experiment has been conducted. Using an activity-based approach, Dutch participants who frequently commute by car could reschedule their car-based activities and alter the travel pattern they reported in an online travel diary for a full week. This paper presents the results of model estimations that describe the likelihood of changing car use and the number of kilometres driven in response to two TDC scenarios. Reductions were larger for those who experienced a loss under the measure compared to those who could expect a gain. Participants who worked more hours and who lived in non-urban areas showed lower car use reduction levels, whereas participants with middle incomes and who were 18-25 years old showed higher reduction levels. A car dependency measure was added to the models to assess how these effects are related to the availability of car use alternatives.

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Section: Data Collection Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural effects of a tradable driving credit scheme: Results of an online stated adaptation experiment in the Netherlands

Dogterom

Ettema

Dijst

2018

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

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“…The first survey was followed up with another in which explicit car-use reduction goals were induced (Loukopoulos et al, 2004c). Thus, it was assumed that only the size of the car-use reduction goal would determine choice of adaptation alternative, not the particular TDM measure that was implemented.…”

Section: Empirical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…138,000) (Loukopoulos et al, 2004c;Meland, 1994). A population-based sample of car owners (68.6% response rate) answered questions about how much they had changed car use (size of change goal) and what changes they had made.…”

Section: Empirical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Private Car Use in Response to Travel Demand Management

Gärling¹

2005

Traffic and Transport Psychology

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In times when reduction and changes in private car use is on the political agenda in urban areas, there is a need to better understand and forecast the process of change in car use. Traditional conceptualizations of travel choice in equilibrium may be insufficient to this end and need to be complemented. An alternative theoretical framework is therefore proposed based on goal setting and self-regulation theory in social psychology with the aim of analyzing responses to travel demand management (TDM) measures targeting reduced or changed car use. Such measures are assumed to lead to that car users set car-use reduction or change goals followed by planning of how to implement and implementing changes in car use to reach the goals. It is hypothesized that choices among change options are made sequentially according to a satisficing principle of minimizing psychological costs. As implied by an operationalization of this hypothesis, the result of a survey indicate that choices of mode switching correlate the strongest with the size of the car-use reduction goal, activity/trip suppression the next strongest, and efficient car use (trip chaining, car pooling, and choice of closer destinations) the weakest. The results of two additional followup surveys show that choice of number and frequency of adaptation alternatives as expected increase with the size of the car-use reduction or change goal. Taken together the results also suggested, however, that costs and effectiveness of adaptation alternatives may vary with trip purpose, the particular travel demand management measure, and household characteristics. Further research needs to incorporate such factors.

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“…It occurs at all times of day, all days of the week, and the destinations are numerous (Schlich et al 2004). Also, unlike work and educational travel, it often is categorized as ''other'' or discretionary (Frank et al 2007;Loukopoulos et al 2006). Indeed recreational travel has been likened to discretionary expenditure: ''It is enjoyed only after the required travel is accomplished'' (Mallett and McGuckin 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A small number of studies have investigated leisure travel decision-making under scenarios designed to reduce private vehicle use (Garling et al 2000;Loukopoulos et al 2006). Loukopoulos et al (2006) examined people's responses to travel demand management strategies for trips of different purposes. For leisure trips, the most popular alternative to car use was to utilize a different transport mode or to trip chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing CO2 Emissions from Domestic Travel: Exploring the Social and Health Impacts

2008

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The importance and meaning of social and recreational travel for a diverse group of Auckland residents is explored in this article. Study participants identified a range of social and health benefits, including maintaining social connections with family and friends, opportunities to participate in physical activity, and reducing stress. However, many of these trips are by car. New Zealand has one of the highest rates of private car ownership internationally, low-density urban development, and a poor public transport infrastructure. Social and recreational trips make up a sizeable proportion of domestic travel and are contributing to New Zealand's increasing rate of CO2 emissions. There is an obvious need to address the negative ecological impacts of human activity. Our findings suggest that alongside strategies to reduce CO2 emissions, it also is important to introduce measures to maintain the benefits from social and recreational travel. Suggestions are made for further areas of research.

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Understanding the process of adaptation to car-use reduction goals

Cited by 53 publications

References 27 publications

Behavioural effects of a tradable driving credit scheme: Results of an online stated adaptation experiment in the Netherlands

Behavioural effects of a tradable driving credit scheme: Results of an online stated adaptation experiment in the Netherlands

Changes of Private Car Use in Response to Travel Demand Management

Reducing CO2 Emissions from Domestic Travel: Exploring the Social and Health Impacts

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