Understanding the Pathogenesis of Cytopathic and Noncytopathic Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection Using Proteomics

Ammari, Mais; McCarthy, Fiona M.; Nanduri, Bindu; Pinchuk, G. V.; Pinchuk, Lesya M.

doi:10.5772/29475

Cited by 5 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The ncp BVDV had the strongest inhibitory effect on the MHC class I, MHC class II and MHC-DQ isotype protein expression levels and did not affect β-actin expression levels in bovine monocytes. As expected, cp BVDV infection significantly decreased the levels of the MHC proteins and did not affect β-actin expression levels in monocytes supporting our findings by DDF-MudPIT in cp BVDV-infected cells [27,28].…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection Througsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In the recent years, rapid advances in high-output nucleotide and amino acid sequencing as well as in bioinformatics allowed researchers to analyze very wide arrays of genes and their products. Using a proteomics approach, we evaluated the effect of cp and ncp BVDV biotypes on the expression of, approximately, 10,000 proteins extracted from bovine monocytes [26][27][28]. Of these, 378 proteins had high degree of amino acid homology with known protein kinases and related proteins.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection Througmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, we looked at the effect of the cp BVDV biotype on the expression of proteins that are directly involved in the professional antigen presentation in bovine monocytes [27,28]. Using the same proteomics approach, we found that of 445 proteins altered by the viral infection, 47 were identified as the ones involved in cell adhesion, apoptosis, antigen uptake, antigen processing and presentation.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection Througmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, up-regulation of proteins related to the acute phase response and cell adhesion while decreasing the expression of proteins involved in antigen uptake, processing and presentation suggests that cp BVDV infection is promoting monocyte migration, differentiation and activation while inhibiting their BVDV antigen presentation to immunocompetent lymphocytes, in particular, Th1 type and regulatory T cells, thus resulting in the uncontrolled inflammation mediated by activated macrophages and enhanced viral spread in the host. Taken together, the combined use of gene ontology (GO) information and systems biology network modelling extended our knowledge of the roles of ncp and cp BVDV biotypes in the production of PI and cytopathic effects respectively [27][28][29].…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection Througmentioning

confidence: 99%

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All is Not Butter that Comes from the Cow: The Bovine Viral Diarrhea. Understanding the Pathogenesis of Cytopathic and Non-Cytopathic Infection

Lm¹,

Mg²,

Gv³

2015

J Anc Dis Prev Rem

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Bovine viral diarrhea infections are seen in all ages and breeds of cattle worldwide and have significant economic impact due to the productive and reproductive losses. The infectious agents that cause this disease, Bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDVs) may occur as two biotypes, of which one is non-cytopathic (ncp) and the other cytopathic (cp), classified according to whether or not they produce visible changes in cell culture. Cytopathic biotypes of BVDV can be created through internal deletion or recombination of RNA of ncp biotypes. The mechanisms of this change are not sufficiently understood. In this review, we discuss the work that has been done to date in our laboratory using methods of proteomics, cellular and molecular biology, and immunology. We found that both biotypes cause numerous changes in the expression levels of the proteins in monocytes, including proteins related to professional antigen presentation, enzymes and receptors, and changes in the infected cell functions related to antigen uptake. However, the alterations caused by the cp and not by the ncp biotypes are consistent with the hypothesis that the virus cytotoxicity involves the mitochondrial dysfunction. Overall, our data show that, the three important signals, antigen-specific, co-stimulatory and cytokine, required to promote the effector activation of naïve T cells to be delivered by professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) are impaired by both types of BVDV. In addition, cp and ncp BVDVs differentially target mitochondrial proteins and antioxidant enzymes that control the fate of infected cells and determine whether BVDVs produce cytopathic effects or replicate noncytopathically to establish persistent infection. This research is aimed to discover foundational knowledge related to host-pathogen interactions and facilitate the development of innovative disease preventatives for pathogens causing significant animal losses.

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Section: Pathogenesis Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection Througsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Pathogenesis Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection Througmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesis Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection Througmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesis Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection Througmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

All is Not Butter that Comes from the Cow: The Bovine Viral Diarrhea. Understanding the Pathogenesis of Cytopathic and Non-Cytopathic Infection

Lm¹,

Mg²,

Gv³

2015

J Anc Dis Prev Rem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…NCP viruses have the potential to develop into CP biotypes when subjected to genomic insertions, duplications or mutations (Kummerer and Meyers 2000;Qi et al 1992). The co-circulation of both biotypes has been associated with virus-induced apotosis which has the potential to result in severe clinical consequences for the host (Ammari et al 2012.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle on Irish farms

O’Brien

Garvey

Walsh

et al. 2017

Research in Veterinary Science

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The genotype and subgenotype was established for 325 field viruses and one commercial vaccine viral strain based on the analysis of at least one genomic region. BVDV-1a was the prominent subgenotype (n=317) with BVDV-1b (n=6), BVDV-1d (n=1) and BVDV-1e (n=1) also observed. A number of nucleotide sequence alignments and phylogenetic trees were constructed to represent the relationship between Irish field viruses and reference strains representative of all known BVDV genotypes and subgenotypes. Evidence of both herd specific clustering and circulation of multiple strains within herds was observed; however no evidence of county specific clustering was observed. A number of completely conserved nucleotide regions were observed and the 5'UTR was found to be more conserved than the N pro fragment analysed. The results of this study provide a detailed and comprehensive insight into the genetic diversity of BVDV in circulation within Irish cattle herds and will act as a baseline reference for future BVDV genotyping studies.

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Detection of Pestivirus in small ruminants in Central Java, Indonesia

2021

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Background and Aim: Globally, pestiviruses are among the most economically important viral pathogens of livestock. The genus Pestivirus comprises four species, including bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and 2 (BVDV-1 and BVDV-2), which infect cattle, border disease virus and classical swine fever virus which infect small ruminants and pigs, respectively. Accumulating evidence suggests that pestiviruses are no longer species-specific, creating new challenges for disease control. In Indonesia, investigations related to pestiviruses remain focused on cattle as the primary host and no research has been conducted on small ruminants (sheep and goats). Therefore, the present study aimed to study the possible occurrence of pestivirus (BVDV or BVD) infections in small ruminants in Indonesia, particularly in Central Java. Materials and Methods: We used 46 blood samples consisting of 26 sheep's blood and 20 goat's blood. Samples were selected from 247 small ruminant blood collected between July and October 2020 in Central Java, Indonesia, which met the following criteria: Female, local species, approximately 1-2 years old, never been pregnant, raised in the backyard, and had no close contact with cattle in either shelter or grazing area. We tested plasma samples from sheep and goats using competitive antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect specific antibodies against pestivirus followed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis for all positive samples to differentiate the species of pestivirus. Results: Two of the 20 samples collected from goats were positive for pestivirus at the serological and molecular levels, whereas 2 of 26 samples collected from sheep were doubtful but tested negative by RT-PCR. The genotyping test results obtained using nested PCR revealed that the positive samples collected from goats had a BVDV-1 genotype. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that BVDV-1 can infect species other than bovines, in Central Java, Indonesia. Further studies involving a larger number of samples are required to: (1) Determine the actual seroprevalence of pestiviruses in small ruminants and (2) Determine the potency of small ruminants as reservoirs for pestiviruses, both of which are important for the identification of the appropriate control program for pestiviruses in Indonesia.

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Understanding the Pathogenesis of Cytopathic and Noncytopathic Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection Using Proteomics

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

All is Not Butter that Comes from the Cow: The Bovine Viral Diarrhea. Understanding the Pathogenesis of Cytopathic and Non-Cytopathic Infection

All is Not Butter that Comes from the Cow: The Bovine Viral Diarrhea. Understanding the Pathogenesis of Cytopathic and Non-Cytopathic Infection

Genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle on Irish farms

Detection of Pestivirus in small ruminants in Central Java, Indonesia

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