Understanding the molecular mechanism of anther development under abiotic stresses

Abstract

Key messageThe developmental stage of anther development is generally more sensitive to abiotic stress than other stages of growth. Specific ROS levels, plant hormones and carbohydrate metabolism are disturbed in anthers subjected to abiotic stresses. Abstract As sessile organisms, plants are often challenged to multiple extreme abiotic stresses, such as drought, heat, cold, salinity and metal stresses in the field, which reduce plant growth, productivity and yield. The development of reproductive stage is more susceptible to abiotic stresses than the vegetative stage. Anther, the male reproductive organ that generate pollen grains, is more sensitive to abiotic stresses than female organs. Abiotic stresses affect all the processes of anther development, including tapetum development and degradation, microsporogenesis and pollen development, anther dehiscence, and filament elongation. In addition, abiotic stresses significantly interrupt phytohormone, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, alter reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in anthers, which are strongly responsible for the loss of pollen fertility. At present, the precise molecular mechanisms of anther development under adverse abiotic stresses are still not fully understood. Therefore, more emphasis should be given to understand molecular control of anther development during abiotic stresses to engineer crops with better crop yield.

The Halophyte Species Solanum chilense Dun. Maintains Its Reproduction despite Sodium Accumulation in Its Floral Organs

“…However, in our study, pollen production and viability were not affected by salinity in S. lycopersicum , and stigma receptivity was not affected by salt stress whatever the species. Anther development and microsporogenesis are generally considered the most sensitive reproductive stages to abiotic stresses, which could explain the more important effect on male organs than on female organs [ 51 ]. Gynoecium fertility is not often affected by abiotic stress in tomato or is affected as a consequence of male development failure [ 52 , 53 ].…”

Turf Quality and Physiological Responses to Summer Stress in Four Creeping Bentgrass Cultivars in a Subtropical Zone

“…Reduced available carbohydrates limited energy supply for plant growth and development associated with heat-induced photoinhibition in plants [ 33 ]. It has been found that carbohydrate accumulation benefits creeping bentgrass against drought or heat stress [ 12 , 16 , 34 ].…”

Effects of Low Temperature Stress on Source–Sink Organs in Wheat and Phosphorus Mitigation Strategies

“…LTS hinders the wheat growth at all stages, from seedling to maturity, but the intensity of the damage varies (Muhammad et al, 2021). Many experimental studies established that wheat is more sensitive to LTS at the reproductive stage than vegetative, particularly its susceptibility higher from heading to anthesis, that leads to significant yield losses (Barlow et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2021d). The top spikelets are considered more sensitive to LTS, followed by the basal and central spikelets (Liu et al, 2020a).…”