Understanding the mechanism of carbonization and KOH activation of polyaniline leading to enhanced electrosorption performance

Zornitta, Rafael L.; Barcelos, Kamilla M.; Nogueira, Francisco Guilherme Esteves; Ruotolo, Luís A.M.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2019.09.058

Cited by 64 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…[ 41 ] H 2 , CO, CO 2 , and vaporized H 2 O formed in the pyrolysis decomposing also contribute to the construction of the 3D hierarchical open‐type porous structure through gasification and gas interaction. [ 41 , 42 , 43 ] Meanwhile, the thermal decompositions of the ethylenediamine curing agents, triethanolamine accelerators and epichlorohydrin intermediates in the fluorinated epoxy resins result in the codoping of F, O, N, and Cl into HDGs graphene lattices, making it preferable with heteroatom activating defects as the heteroatom‐doping electronegative sites. As shown in Figure 1 A – C , the atomic‐scale characterizations of these heteroatomic sites are evidently formed in HDGs graphene lattices.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectively Regulating More Robust Amorphous Li Clusters for Ultrastable Dendrite‐Free Cycling

Huang

Yang

et al. 2021

Advanced Science

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A disordered phase in Li-deposit nanostructure is greatly attractive, but plagued by the uncontrollable and unstable growth, and the nanoscale characterization in the structure. Here, fully characterized in cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), more robust amorphous-Li (ALi) clusters are revealed and effectively regulated on heteroatom-activating electronegative sites and an advanced solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer. Heteroatom-activating electronegative sites capably enhance the electrostatic interaction of Li + and heteroatom-doping graphene-like film (HDGs), meaning lower Li diffusion barrier and larger binding energy that is confirmed by small nucleation overpotentials of 13.9 and 10 mV at 0.1 mA cm −2 in the fluoroethylene carbonate-adding ester-based (FEC-ester) and LiNO 3 -adding ether-based (LiNO 3 -ether) electrolytes. Orderly multilayer SEI structure comprised of inorganic-rich components enables fast ion transports and durable capabilities to construct highly reversible and long-term plating/stripping cycling. ALi cluster anodes exhibit non-crystalline morphologies and perform ultrastable dendrite-free cycling over 2800 times. Stable ALi clusters are also grown in LiFePO 4 (LFP) (LFP-ALi-HDGs-N||LiFePO 4 [LFP]) full cells with advantageous capacities up to 165.5 and 164.3 mAh g −1 in these optimized electrolytes at 0.1 C; the remarkable capacity retentions maintain to 93% and 91% after 150 cycles at 0.2 C. Structure viability, electrochemical reversibility, and excellent performance in ALi clusters are effectively regulated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectively Regulating More Robust Amorphous Li Clusters for Ultrastable Dendrite‐Free Cycling

Huang

Yang

et al. 2021

Advanced Science

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“…Thus, materials with high surface area available for electrosorption are usually of importance in CDI. 36 Since the formation of EDL is intrinsically a physical process, the regeneration of the electrodes only based on the EDL formation does not require the use of any chemicals, which is one of the primary advantages of CDI. The GCS model, depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Box: General Aspects Of CDImentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in ion selectivity with capacitive deionization

Gamaethiralalage

Singh

Şahin

et al. 2021

Energy Environ. Sci.

249

124

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“…Considering that the activation agent Na 2 CO 3 can exist either in the pores or on the surfaces of the CTFO precursor, such activation reactions should, of course, occur within the pores or on the surfaces, in which activation reactions occurred within the pores are less corrosive and can only enlarge the pores instead of creating micropores. In contrast to Na 2 CO 3 -activation, KOH-activation would inevitably lead to the formation of micropores due to the fact that the in-situ generated metallic K can penetrate into the carbon lattice, and leaving behind the microporosity after removal of the metallic K. [49,50] As expected, the KOH-activated CTFO (namely CTFC-K-900) exhibited a high SSA value of 2829 m 2 g À 1 , of which microporosity was above 52 % (Table S2, Figure S6).…”

Section: Fabrication and Characterization Of Ctfc-xmentioning

confidence: 99%

O/N Co‐Doped, Layered Porous Carbon with Mesoporosity up to 99 % for Ultrahigh‐Rate Capability Supercapacitors

Liu

Wen

Chen

et al. 2020

Batteries & Supercaps

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Ultrahigh-rate capability supercapacitors that can tolerate charging/discharging at ultrahigh current density are particularly attractive for high-power applications. At present, mesopore-engineering and heteroatom-doping have been proven to be the effective ways for concurrently enhancing energy density and rate capability. Herein, we report the fabrication of O/N-codoped mesoporous carbons with ultrahigh mesoporosity and well-defined mesopores by one-step Na 2 CO 3-activation of covalent triazine-based frameworks that derive from 2,4,6-tris(4cyanophenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine monomer (CTFO) at 800-1000°C. The as-obtained O/N-co-doped carbon (CTFC-900) with up to 99 % mesoporosity possesses a layered structure together with a high specific surface area (2425 m 2 g À 1) and a high N/O content (6.98 at% N and 10.32 at% O). Owing to these merits, the supercapacitor based on CTFC-900 electrode exhibited a high specific capacitance of 287 F g À 1 at 1.0 A g À 1 and an ultrahigh rate capability of 66.1 % at 1-1000 A g À 1 in alkaline electrolyte. Moreover, the CTFC-900-based supercapacitor in neutral electrolyte achieved both high energy density (32.2 Wh kg À 1) and high power density (187 kW kg À 1).

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Understanding the mechanism of carbonization and KOH activation of polyaniline leading to enhanced electrosorption performance

Cited by 64 publications

References 63 publications

Effectively Regulating More Robust Amorphous Li Clusters for Ultrastable Dendrite‐Free Cycling

Effectively Regulating More Robust Amorphous Li Clusters for Ultrastable Dendrite‐Free Cycling

Recent advances in ion selectivity with capacitive deionization

O/N Co‐Doped, Layered Porous Carbon with Mesoporosity up to 99 % for Ultrahigh‐Rate Capability Supercapacitors

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