Understanding the long-term effects of species invasions

Strayer, David L.; Eviner, Valerie T.; Jeschke, Jonathan M.; Pace, Michael L.

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2006.07.007

Cited by 870 publications

(831 citation statements)

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“…Invasion ecology also lacks homogeneous data at large spatial scales, and long-term data are rare as well (but see Meiners et al 2004). While short-term effects of invasive species are often known, their long-term effects are rarely investigated and hard to predict (Strayer et al 2006). The history of invasion processes sometimes can be recovered through the study of herbarium specimens in combination with molecular research and literature reviews.…”

Section: Empirical Evidence: Lack Of Data and Biases In Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The history of invasion processes sometimes can be recovered through the study of herbarium specimens in combination with molecular research and literature reviews. Model simulations can additionally help fill this gap to some degree (Strayer et al 2006). The study of ongoing changes in the effects of invasive species is necessary for predicting future effects.…”

Section: Empirical Evidence: Lack Of Data and Biases In Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conceptual Frameworks and Methods for Advancing Invasion Ecology

Heger

Pahl

Botta‐Dukát

et al. 2013

AMBIO

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Invasion ecology has much advanced since its early beginnings. Nevertheless, explanation, prediction, and management of biological invasions remain difficult. We argue that progress in invasion research can be accelerated by, first, pointing out difficulties this field is currently facing and, second, looking for measures to overcome them. We see basic and applied research in invasion ecology confronted with difficulties arising from (A) societal issues, e.g., disparate perceptions of invasive species; (B) the peculiarity of the invasion process, e.g., its complexity and context dependency; and (C) the scientific methodology, e.g., imprecise hypotheses. To overcome these difficulties, we propose three key measures: (1) a checklist for definitions to encourage explicit definitions; (2) implementation of a hierarchy of hypotheses (HoH), where general hypotheses branch into specific and precisely testable hypotheses; and (3) platforms for improved communication. These measures may significantly increase conceptual clarity and enhance communication, thus advancing invasion ecology.

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Section: Empirical Evidence: Lack Of Data and Biases In Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Empirical Evidence: Lack Of Data and Biases In Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Frameworks and Methods for Advancing Invasion Ecology

Heger

Pahl

Botta‐Dukát

et al. 2013

AMBIO

Self Cite

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“…Invasive species have contributed to many species extinctions on oceanic islands (Reaser et al, 2007), but it is still debated to what extent this pattern can be generalised to continents (Gurevitch and Padilla, 2004). A major open question is whether and how impacts of alien species persist in the long-term (Hobbs et al, 2006;Strayer et al, 2006). Invasions may lead to habitat deterioration (Simberloff, 2006), or support ecosystem recovery after major habitat destruction (Kueffer and Daehler, 2008;Kueffer et al, 2007b;Safford and Jones, 1998).…”

Section: Biological Impact Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Achieve Effectiveness in Problem-Oriented Landscape Research: The Example of Research on Biotic Invasions

Kueffer¹,

Hadorn²

2008

Living Rev. Landscape Res.

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It is increasingly expected from environmental research such as landscape research that science directly contributes to the solving of pressing societal problems. However, despite increased efforts to direct research towards societal problems, it is not obvious if science has become more effective in supporting environmental problem-solving. We present in this article a framework that facilitates the analysis and design of problem-orientation in research fields. We then apply the proposed framework to a concrete example of a problem-oriented landscape research field -namely research on biotic invasions. Invasion research addresses the problem that some organisms, that have been introduced by humans to a new geographic area where they were previously not present, spread in the landscape and pose negative impacts.We argue that problem-oriented research is more than applied research. Besides research on specific questions it also encompasses boundary management, i.e., deliberations among experts and stakeholders on the framing of adequate research questions about processes, values and practices for effective problem-solving. We postulate that such research may assist problem-solving in three ways, by analysing causal relationships (systems knowledge), clarifying conflicts of interests and values (target knowledge), or contributing to the development of appropriate means for action (transformation knowledge).We show that over the past decades a broad range of different research approaches has emerged in the young field of invasion research in order to produce systems, target and transformation knowledge for invasive species management. Early research in the field was dominated by the development of systems knowledge, but increasingly the three knowledge forms are Boundary management in invasion research is mainly restricted to informal networks (communities of practice), while formal processes such as transdisciplinary research are scarce. We suggest that the paucity of structured and explicit boundary management processes will limit the future development of a more effective science for invasive species management. In particular, we envisage three obstacles that can only be removed through explicit boundary management. First, the existing theoretical frameworks are currently only partly able to integrate natural and social sciences research on the processes underlying invasions. Second, a clarification of the normative thinking about alien plant invasions is needed. Third, research on transformation knowledge has so far not fundamentally challenged the existing conceptual framing and institutional setup of invasive species management.

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“…Because human activities have contributed to long-term change in gull populations, our results further suggest compelling, indirect links between human management decisions and plant community composition on islands of the Georgia Basin. Collins & Armesto, 1987;Strayer et al, 2006) but rarely studied over multiple decades (Bakker et al, 49 1996). Comparing contemporary and historical surveys can help rectify this deficit and enhance 50 understanding of long-term ecological change (Macdougall & Turkington, 2005; Arcese et al, 2014; 51 McKechnie et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

A century of ecosystem change: human and seabird impacts on plant species extirpation and invasion on islands

Lameris

Bennett

Blight

et al. 2016

Preprint

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We used 116-years of floral and faunal records from Mandarte Island, British Columbia, Canada, to estimate the indirect effects of humans on plant communities via their effects on the population size of a surface-nesting, colonial seabird, the Glaucous-winged gull (Larus glaucescens). Comparing current to historical records revealed 18 extirpations of native plant species (32% of species historically present), 31 exotic species introductions, and one case of exotic introduction followed by extirpation. Contemporary surveys indicated that native species cover declined dramatically from 1986 to 2006, coincident with the extirpation of 'old-growth' conifers. Because vegetation change co-occurred with an increasing gull population locally and regionally, we also tested predictions from the hypothesis that the presence and activities of seabirds help to explain those changes.Specifically, we predicted we would observe high nutrient loading and exotic plant species richness and cover on nearby islands with versus without gull colonies as a consequence of competitive dominance in species adapted to high soil nitrogen and trampling. As predicted, we found that native plant species cover and richness were lower, and exotic species cover and richness higher, on islands with versus without gull colonies. In addition, we found that soil carbon and nitrogen on islands with nesting gulls were positively related to soil depth and exotic species richness and cover across plots and islands. Our results suggest that gulls have the potential to drive rapid change in insular plant communities by increasing nutrients and disturbing vegetation. Because human activities have contributed to long-term change in gull populations, our results further suggest compelling, indirect links between human management decisions and plant community composition on islands of the Georgia Basin. Collins & Armesto, 1987;Strayer et al., 2006) but rarely studied over multiple decades (Bakker et al., 49 1996). Comparing contemporary and historical surveys can help rectify this deficit and enhance 50 understanding of long-term ecological change (Macdougall & Turkington, 2005; Arcese et al., 2014; 51 McKechnie et al., 2014). In particular, human disturbance and habitat conversion via exotic species 52 invasion are both identified as drivers of plant community change (Davis, Grime & Thompson, 2000; 53 Macdougall & Turkington, 2005;Seabloom et al., 2006), with recent evidence indicating that human 54 impacts can arise indirectly via predator removal or herbivore introductions that facilitate trophic 55 cascades, particularly in island systems (Estes et al., 2011; Arcese et al., 2014). Observational results 56 further suggest that humans can affect island plant communities via their impacts on island-nesting 57 seabirds, including via predator introduction, changes in harvest rate, the provision of anthropogenic 58 foods or depletion of native prey species (Croll et al., 2005;Mulder et al., 2011; Baumberger et al., 2012). 59 These activities can in...

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Understanding the long-term effects of species invasions

Cited by 870 publications

References 70 publications

Conceptual Frameworks and Methods for Advancing Invasion Ecology

Conceptual Frameworks and Methods for Advancing Invasion Ecology

How to Achieve Effectiveness in Problem-Oriented Landscape Research: The Example of Research on Biotic Invasions

A century of ecosystem change: human and seabird impacts on plant species extirpation and invasion on islands

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