Understanding the kinematic behavior of the active Gascons rockslide from in-situ and satellite monitoring data

Integrated dataset of deformation measurements in fractured volcanic tuff and meteorological data (Coroglio coastal cliff, Naples, Italy)

“…Along the Coroglio cliff, tuff blocks can deform in and out of a near-vertical cliff face by up to 1 mm on a daily basis and up to 4 mm on an annual scale. These data demonstrate the inherent instability of studied tuff cliffs as well as other rocky cliffs worldwide (Collins and Stock, 2016), mainly during summertime (Ishikawa et al, 2004; F. Matano et al: Coroglio cliff integrated dataset Gunzburger et al, 2005;Hasler et al, 2012;Vargas et al, 2012;Stock et al, 2013;Collins and Stock, 2016).…”

“…The direct result of heating rock is expansion, a process well studied and quantified in several environmental conditions (Chau and Shao, 2006;Collins and Stock, 2016;Eppes, 2016;Richter and Simmons, 1974). Cumulative fracture growth and opening can occur under typical present-day meteorological conditions in many settings (Eppes and Keanini, 2017;Lamp et al, 2017).…”

“…These systems have the purpose of detecting and measuring small-scale rock deformations that can be regarded as precursors of slope failures. A more limited number of monitoring systems is used for the analysis of coastal cliffs and early-warning purposes (Clark et al, 1996;Cloutier et al, 2015;Devoto et al, 2013). In our research (Matano et al, 2015(Matano et al, , 2016Esposito et al, 2017Esposito et al, , 2018Caputo et al, 2018), we focus on the in situ measurements of deformations affecting rocky blocks that form part of a volcaniclastic coastal cliff located along the coastal sector of the Phlegraean Fields, a densely urbanized volcanic area in southern Italy (Fig.…”

The role of natural thermal cycles on a limestone cliff mechanical behaviour

“…The causes of failure are diverse (Cloutier, Locat, Charbonneau, and Couture, 2015;Fell et al, 2008), and the triggering factor is often difficult to determine, but the action of weathering is significant in landscape evolution. In fact, many studies, based on site investigation, pointed out the importance different agents of weathering such as freezing (Deprez, De Kock, De Schutter, and Cnudde, 2020;Frayssines and Hantz, 2006;Matsuoka, 2008Matsuoka, , 2001, rain (Galeandro, Doglioni, Simeone, and Šimůnek, 2014;Intrieri, Gigli, Mugnai, Fanti, and Casagli, 2012;Nguyen, Lee, and Kim, 2020;Regmi, Yoshida, Dhital, and Devkota, 2013;Stoffel, Tiranti, and Huggel, 2014) or thermal variations (Collins and Stock, 2016;Eppes, McFadden, Wegmann, and Scuderi, 2010;Eppes and Griffing, 2010;Eppes and Keanini, 2017;Gunzburger, Merrien-Soukatchoff, and Guglielmi, 2005;Hall, 2004Hall, , 1999Hall, Thorn, and Sumner, 2012;Hall and Thorn, 2014;Holzhausen, 1989;Ravaji, Alí-Lagoa, Delbo, and Wilkerson, 2019;Vargas, Chavez, Gusmao, and Amaral, 2009;Vargas, Castro, Amaral, and Figueiredo, 2004).…”

“…Studies focussing on thermal stress weathering were realised on different rock types: alluvial fans, boulders (Eppes, McFadden, Wegmann, and Scuderi, 2010;Eppes and Griffing, 2010), outcrops (Holzhausen, 1989) or quarry (Marmoni, Fiorucci, Grechi, and Martino, 2020), dome rock (Collins et al, 2018) or rock slopes (Gunzburger, Merrien-Soukatchoff, and Guglielmi, 2005;Vargas, Chavez, Gusmao, and Amaral, 2009) and different mineralogy: gneiss, granite, marble, … Most of those studies are based on surface observations with (Bakun-Mazor, Hatzor, Glaser, and Carlos Santamarina, 2013;Collins et al, 2018;Collins and Stock, 2016;Gasc-Barbier and Merrien-Soukatchoff, 2019;Gunzburger and Merrien-Soukatchoff, 2011;Holzhausen, 1989;Marmoni, Fiorucci, Grechi, and Martino, 2020) or without (Hall, Thorn, and Sumner, 2012;Hall and Thorn, 2014) instrumentation on the site. The two longest records are located in North America: an exfoliation sheet in the Yosemite Valley was monitored for 3.5 years (Collins and Stock, 2016) and temperature, light intensity, humidity and crack aperture have been recorded, and a small active rockslide in Gaspésie (Canada) was monitored with crackmeteers and other monitoring techniques for 4 years, to achieve sufficient spatial and temporal resolutions to characterise the displacements of the rockslide (Cloutier, Locat, Charbonneau, and Couture, 2015).…”