“…22 In particular, acidic DESs such as choline chloride/lactic acid (ChCl-Lac) have strong abilities in biomass deconstruction, achieving enhanced saccharification [23][24][25][26] or high quality lignin. 27,28 Efforts have been made to elucidate the relationship between the structure and performance of DESs in biomass pretreatment. Acidity, alkyl chain length, functional groups and the molar ratio of hydrogen bond donor (HBD)/hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) have been identified as key factors for determining the pretreatment efficacy.…”