Understanding the influence of trenbolone acetate and polyamines on proliferation of bovine satellite cells

Reichhardt, Caleb C; Ahmadpour, Amir; Christensen, Rachael; Ineck, Nikole E; Murdoch, Gordon K.; Thornton, Kara J

doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106479

Cited by 10 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Anabolic implants are used in the U.S. to improve growth of beef cattle, which increases the environmental and economic sustainability of the beef industry [3,7,12,41], but their mechanisms of operation are unknown. Testosterone and E2 have both been shown to influence the polyamine biosynthesis pathway [23,24,42,43], with emerging research suggesting that TBA may interact with the polyamine biosynthesis pathway to increase growth [25]. Polyamines are amino acids derivatives necessary for normal cellular proliferation and differentiation [27,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatments were added to differentiation media and consisted of a control (CON), steroidal hormones (10 nM TBA, 10 nM E2 or 10 nM TBA and 10 nM E2), polyamines (2 mM PUT, 0.5 mM SPE, or 1.5 mM SPD) or polyamine precursors (8 mM ORN or 10 mM MET). The treatment concentrations were chosen based on previous research examining polyamine levels in bovine lymphocytes [27], as no research has been completed in bovine skeletal muscle cells, and experiments previously conducted by our lab group demonstrating that these concentrations increase BSC proliferation [25].…”

Section: Induction Of Differentiation and Treatment Of Bsc Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emerging research has demonstrated that TBA and E2 may interact with the polyamine biosynthetic pathway [23][24][25]. Polyamines, including putrescine (PUT), spermidine (SPD), and spermine (SPE), are important for normal cell growth and differentiation [26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyamines are orally active, and found in relatively high concentrations in common feedstuffs, such as silage [29]. Research shows that when BSCs are treated with polyamines or polyamine precursors, proliferation rates increase [25]. The major substrates used in the polyamine biosynthesis pathway to produce PUT, SPD, and SPE are methionine (MET), ornithine (ORN), and arginine [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second rate-limiting step is the production of decarboxylated-Sadenosylmethionine, catalyzed by S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AMD1) [33]. In proliferating BSCs, TBA has been shown to interact with the polyamine biosynthesis pathway [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Polyamine Precursors, Polyamines, and Steroid Hormones on Temporal Messenger RNA Abundance in Bovine Satellite Cells Induced to Differentiate

Reichhardt

Okamoto

Motsinger

et al. 2021

Animals

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Emerging research suggests that hormones found in anabolic implants interact with polyamine biosynthesis. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of steroidal hormones, polyamines and polyamine precursors on bovine satellite cell (BSC) differentiation and polyamine biosynthesis temporally. Primary BSCs were induced to differentiate in 3% horse serum (CON) and treated with 10 nM trenbolone acetate (TBA), 10 nM estradiol (E2), 10 nM TBA and 10 nM E2, 10 mM methionine, 8 mM ornithine, 2 mM putrescine, 1.5 mM spermidine, or 0.5 mM spermine. Total mRNA was isolated 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h post-treatment. Abundance of mRNA for genes associated with induction of BSC differentiation: paired box transcription factor 7, myogenic factor 5, and myogenic differentiation factor 1 and genes in the polyamine biosynthesis pathway: ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosylmethionine—were analyzed. Overall, steroidal hormones did not impact (p > 0.05) mRNA abundance of genes involved in BSC differentiation, but did alter (p = 0.04) abundance of genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis. Polyamine precursors influenced (p < 0.05) mRNA of genes involved in BSC differentiation. These results indicate that polyamine precursors and polyamines impact BSC differentiation and abundance of mRNA involved in polyamine biosynthesis, while steroidal hormones altered the mRNA involved in polyamine biosynthesis.

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