“…These are also networked together for a period of time to achieve a higher goal. In the area of trade, it has been argued that DIs that transcend the current information silos can enable more efficient risk assessment, supply chain optimization, and cost savings [3], [4], [8], [12], [13], [14], [15]. In demonstration installations of infrastructural innovations such as single window, national community hubs and data pipelines, it has indeed been shown that a range of benefits can be derived from reducing information fragmentation in the area of trade [6], [8].…”