Understanding the individual responsiveness to resistance training periodization

Prestes, Jonato; Nascimento, Dahan da Cunha; Tibana, Ramires Alsamir; Teixeira, Tatiane Gomes; Vieira, Denis César Leite; Tajra, Vitor; Farias, Darlan Lopes de; Silva, Alessandro Oliveira; Funghetto, Silvana Schwerz; Souza, Vinícius Carolino; Navalta, James W.

doi:10.1007/s11357-015-9793-x

Cited by 58 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Our results showed that after 8 weeks of resistance training, irisin levels and mRNA expression of UCP1 in subcutaneous white adipose tissue and muscle FNDC5 increased. Similarly, Prestes et al (2015) (31) showed that high-intensity resistance training increased irisin levels after 16 weeks of training in sedentary elderly women. Increases in serum irisin, FNDC5 , or PGC1-α after chronic exercise have been reported in mice and humans (1, 17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Can Resistance Exercise Alter Irisin Levels and Expression Profiles of FNDC5 and UCP1 in Rats?

et al. 2016

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BackgroundIrisin is a new myokine secreted from the skeletal muscle and appears to affect the metabolism of adipose tissue.ObjectivesThe mechanisms of cellular and molecular identification by which exercise training exerts its benefits remain unclear and are under investigation.MethodsWe examined the effect of 8-week resistance exercise on plasma irisin levels and expression profiles of muscle FNDC5 and subcutaneous adipose tissue UCP1 in male rats. Sixteen adult male rats were divided into two groups, control (n = 8) and exercise training (n = 8) groups. The training group received exercise for 3 days/week on a specific ladder (120 cm height) with a carrying load of 50% of body weight, which was attached to their tails.ResultsThe weight of the load was gradually increased during the training sessions, ultimately reaching 200% of the body weight of rats in the final week. There were three sets of five repetitions with a 3-min rest between each set of exercise sessions and 1 minute between repetitions. Plasma irisin levels and relative mRNA expression of the genes UCP1 and FNDC5 were assessed. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the irisin levels after 8 weeks of resistance exercise (P < 0.001, t = 4.48). The relative expression of FNDC5 (P < 0.001, t = 6.18) and UCP1 genes (P < 0.001, t = 13.91) was also significantly increased.ConclusionsTherefore, we can conclude from this study that resistance exercise may improve body composition possibly through increased thermogenesis in white adipose tissue through the secretion of irisin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Can Resistance Exercise Alter Irisin Levels and Expression Profiles of FNDC5 and UCP1 in Rats?

et al. 2016

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“…This strategy has yielded valuable insight into potential cellular and molecular regulators of human RT-induced myofiber hypertrophy (Bamman et al 2007; Kim et al 2007; Petrella et al 2008; Mayhew et al 2011; Thalacker-Mercer et al 2013). We have since validated the utility of the model (Stec et al 2016) and today similar strategies used by a number of research teams continue to bear fruit (Davidsen et al 2011; Prestes et al 2015; Ahtiainen et al 2016; Ogasawara et al 2016). Of course all participants in RT trials benefit to varying degrees in other ways (Bamman et al 2007; Bickel et al 2011; Churchward-Venne et al 2015) (e.g., strength gains, functional mobility improvements, etc.)…”

Section: Leveraging Human Interindividual Response Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 93%

Molecular Regulation of Exercise-Induced Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy

Bamman

Roberts

Adams

2017

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med

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Skeletal muscle hypertrophy is a widely sought exercise adaptation to counteract the muscle atrophy of aging and disease, or to improve athletic performance. While this desired muscle enlargement is a well-known adaptation to resistance exercise training (RT), the mechanistic underpinnings are not fully understood. The purpose of this review is thus to provide the reader with a summary of recent advances in molecular mechanisms—based on the most current literature—that are thought to promote RT-induced muscle hypertrophy. We have therefore focused this discussion on the following areas of fertile investigation: ribosomal function and biogenesis, muscle stem (satellite) cell activity, transcriptional regulation, mechanotransduction, and myokine signaling.

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“…Nine studies 23, 34, 39, 41, 51, 54, 59, 65, 74 showed that chronic exercise increased circulating Irisin, while 12 studies 12, 16, 18, 22, 33, 37, 42, 45, 53, 57, 62, 70 showed no effects of chronic exercise on circulating Irisin, and two studies showed that chronic exercise decreased circulating Irisin 55, 56 , in both healthy and clinical populations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of physical activity on the link between PGC-1a and FNDC5 in muscle, circulating Ιrisin and UCP1 of white adipocytes in humans: A systematic review

et al. 2017

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Background: Exercise may activate a brown adipose-like phenotype in white adipose tissue. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the effects of physical activity on the link between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1a) and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) in muscle, circulating Irisin and uncoupling protein one (UCP1) of white adipocytes in humans. Methods: Two databases (PubMed 1966 to 08/2016 and EMBASE 1974 to 08/2016) were searched using an appropriate algorithm. We included articles that examined physical activity and/or exercise in humans that met the following criteria: a) PGC-1a in conjunction with FNDC5 measurements, and b) FNDC5 and/or circulating Irisin and/or UCP1 levels in white adipocytes. Results: We included 51 studies (12 randomised controlled trials) with 2474 participants. Out of the 51 studies, 16 examined PGC-1a and FNDC5 in response to exercise, and only four found increases in both PGC-1a and FNDC5 mRNA and one showed increased FNDC5 mRNA. In total, 22 out of 45 studies that examined circulating Irisin in response to exercise showed increased concentrations when ELISA techniques were used; two studies also revealed increased Irisin levels measured via mass spectrometry. Three studies showed a positive association of circulating Irisin with physical activity levels. One study found no exercise effects on UCP1 mRNA in white adipocytes. Conclusions: The effects of physical activity on the link between PGC-1a, FNDC5 mRNA in muscle and UCP1 in white human adipocytes has attracted little scientific attention. Current methods for Irisin identification lack precision and, therefore, the existing evidence does not allow for conclusions to be made regarding Irisin responses to physical activity. We found a contrast between standardised review methods and accuracy of the measurements used. This should be considered in future systematic reviews.

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Understanding the individual responsiveness to resistance training periodization

Cited by 58 publications

References 33 publications

Can Resistance Exercise Alter Irisin Levels and Expression Profiles of FNDC5 and UCP1 in Rats?

Can Resistance Exercise Alter Irisin Levels and Expression Profiles of FNDC5 and UCP1 in Rats?

Molecular Regulation of Exercise-Induced Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy

Effects of physical activity on the link between PGC-1a and FNDC5 in muscle, circulating Ιrisin and UCP1 of white adipocytes in humans: A systematic review

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