Understanding the factors affecting the adsorption of Lanthanum using different adsorbents: A critical review

Abstract

Over the past few decades, removal and recovery of Lanthanum (La) have received great attention due to its significance in different industrial processes. In this review, the application of various adsorbents viz. biosorbents, commercial and hybrid materials, nanoparticles, nanocomposites etc. have been summarized in terms of the removal and recovery of La. The influence of various operating parameters including pH, dosage, contact time, temperature, coexisting ions, adsorption kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics were investigated. Statistical analysis of the obtained data revealed that 60% and 70% of the authors reported an optimum pH of 4-6 and a dose of 1-2 g/L, respectively. It can be concluded on the basis of an extensive literature survey that the adsorbent materials (especially hybrids nanocomposites) containing carboxyl, hydroxyl and amine groups offered efficient La removal over a wide range of pH with higher adsorption capacity as compared to other adsorbents (e.g., biosorbents and magnetic adsorbents). Also, in most cases, equilibrium and kinetics were followed by Langmuir and pseudo second-order model and adsorption was endothermic in nature. To evaluate the adsorption efficiency of several adsorbents towards La, desorption and regeneration of adsorbents should be given due consideration. The main objective of the review is to provide an insight into the important factors that may affect the recovery of La using various adsorbents.

Adsorption of Lanthanide Ions from Aqueous Solution in Multicomponent Systems using Activated Carbon from Banana Peels (Musa paradisiaca L.)

“…The Y 3+ ion is capable of competing with the Ce 3+ , Nd 3+ , and Sm 3+ ions for easy binding with adsorbents because of its smaller atomic size and heavy metal properties. We noted that adsorbent materials containing carboxyl and hydroxyl groups afford the adsorption of lanthanide ions over a large pH range, in agreement with the results reported by Iftekhar et al (2018).…”

Treatment of Palm Oil Refinery Effluent Using Tannin as a Polymeric Coagulant: Isotherm, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics Analyses

“…Therefore, the coagulation adsorption process for the removal of suspended organic particles from industrial effluents can be best described by the physicochemical process. Wherein, the suspended organic particles adsorb on the surface physically (physisorption) by the weak Vander Walls Force, and the suspended organic particles bind on the surface by the active functional groups present on the surface or form new chemicals by an ion exchange reaction [ 11 , 18 ]. The ∆ G 0 values are the indicator to determine the physisorption or chemisorption process.…”

“…The prime importance of the coagulation kinetics is to elucidate the physical and chemical behavior of adsorbent (physisorption or chemisorption) as well as to determine the adsorbate uptake rate by adsorbent [ 18 ]. In the present study, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic model equations were employed to evaluate the kinetics behavior for BOD, COD, turbidity, and SS removal from PORE using tannin as a polymeric coagulant.…”

Potato Peels as an Adsorbent for Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions: Eco-Structuring of aGreenAdsorbent Operating Plackett–Burman Design

“…However, as shown in equation 2, the AD (C) negatively in uences the removal e ciency of BPP. is case was previously reported [32][33][34]. Many justi cations were given, e.g., possible hindrance caused by the interaction of the active sites of adsorbent when the dose is increased.…”