Understanding the effects of the origin, occurrence, monitoring, control, fate and removal of siloxanes on the energetic valorization of sewage biogas—A review

Arespacochaga, N. de; Valderrama, César; Raich-Montiu, J.; Crest, Marion; Mehta, Shikha; Cortina, José Luis

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.106

Cited by 101 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…The former are polymeric compounds containing Si-Si bonds with organic side-chains, the latter consist of a backbone of alternating Si-O units with organic side-chains attached to each Si atom (de Arespacochaga et al, 2015). Siloxanes have exceptional properties including thermal stability, low flammability, low surface tension and toxicity, hydrophobicity and high compressibility.…”

Section: Siloxanes Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When siloxanes-containing biogases are used as an energy vector, silica microparticulates formed at high temperatures can create fouling and abrasion effects that are highly detrimental to the engine components of natural gas-fueled vehicles (Nair et al, 2012(Nair et al, , 2013Jalali et al, 2013;de Arespacochaga et al, 2015), to the anodic side of biogas-fueled solid oxide fuel cells (Haga et al, 2008;Madi et al, 2015) and to the catalysts used for Arespacochaga et al (2015).…”

Section: Siloxanes Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore of importance to remove siloxanes from biogas at the first stages of upgrading and also before its use as RNG in energy generation or catalytic production of valuable chemicals. The subject is attracting increasing attention (Abatzoglou and Boivin, 2009;de Arespacochaga et al, 2015) and undergoing rapid development. Several methods are effective for removal of siloxanes and may be considered as possible strategies for this purpose:…”

Section: Siloxanes Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogas Management: Advanced Utilization for Production of Renewable Energy and Added-value Chemicals

Yentekakis

Goula

2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

102

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Biogas is widely available as a product of anaerobic digestion of urban, industrial, animal and agricultural wastes. Its indigenous local-base production offers the promise of a dispersed renewable energy source that can significantly contribute to regional economic growth. Biogas composition typically consists of 35-75% methane, 25-65% carbon dioxide, 1-5% hydrogen along with minor quantities of water vapor, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and halides. Current utilization for heating and lighting is inefficient and polluting, and, in the case of poor quality biogas (CH 4 /CO 2 < 1), exacerbated by detrimental venting to the atmosphere. Accordingly, innovative and efficient strategies for improving the management and utilization of biogas for the production of sustainable electrical power or high added-value chemicals are highly desirable. Utilization is the focus of the present review in which the scientific and technological basis underlying alternative routes to the efficient and eco-friendly exploitation of biogas are described and discussed. After concisely reviewing state-of-the-art purification and upgrading methods, in-depth consideration is given to the exploitation of biogas in the renewable energy, liquid fuels, transport and chemicals sectors along with an account of potential impediments to further progress.Keywords: biogas, upgrading, purification, utilization, SOFC, ethylene, reforming, siloxanes BIOGAS Efficient management of ever-increasing amounts of municipal, industrial and agricultural wastes in order to minimize their environmental impact is an urgent necessity. Biological treatment of wastes, which can be carried out either aerobically or anaerobically, is widely applied in this area. Due to their several advantages the anaerobic processes are to be preferred because they require considerably smaller installations, produce less sludge, operate at lower temperatures and are suited to periodic operation. Much more importantly, they generate biogas, which is an attractive potential source of renewable energy and/or added-value chemicals due to its high content of methane and CO 2 . Anaerobic digestion (AD) can proceed over a wide temperature range, from phychrophilic (ca. 10-20 • C) and mesophilic (ca. 20-45 • C) up to thermophilic (ca. 45-65 • C) and hyperthermophilic (ca. ∼70 • C) levels, by means of cooperation between anaerobes and facultative anaerobe microorganisms, which successively promote a sequence of hydrolysis-acidogenesis,

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Section: Siloxanes Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Siloxanes Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Siloxanes Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogas Management: Advanced Utilization for Production of Renewable Energy and Added-value Chemicals

Yentekakis

Goula

2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

102

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“…The BGT subsystem combines organic-waste collection, biogas generation, and biogas pretreatment via anaerobic digestion (AD) to generate biofuel for the multi-generation subsystem [14], combining syngas-fueled SOFC servers and waste-heat recovery by absorption-cooling chillers and a water-heating system [12,15]. As well as recycling waste heat for cooling and water heating, the multi-generation subsystem is intended to provide buildings with a continuous supply of electricity.…”

Section: Proposed Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)-Based Biogas-from-Waste Generation System for Residential Buildings in China: A Feasibility Study

Wang

Wei

2018

Sustainability

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Abstract:The building sector consumes a great deal of energy and generates organic waste, and thus has been a cause of considerable environmental concern. One distributed-energy technique, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)-based biogas-from-waste generation, has shown promise for waste treatment as well as energy saving in buildings. This study proposes a high-efficiency cooling, heating and electricity-generation system with an SOFC-absorption water-cooled tri-generation configuration. Operations data from a typical high-rise commercial building in Shanghai were analyzed as a case study of the proposed system's economic, environmental, and social feasibility in China. The results indicated that its economic performance was satisfactory, with a short payback period of less than one year if subsidized. Additionally, the system was found to achieve high efficiency: i.e., 85%, as compared to approximately 40% achieved by conventional combustion-powered systems. Finally, in terms of social feasibility, survey respondents not only expressed positive overall attitudes towards the application of the system, but also raised concerns about its long-term operating costs. Given that foreseeable technological advancements promise greater flexibility and reduced space requirements, these results imply that the proposed integrated SOFC multi-generation system will be well-suited to future infrastructure and building projects in China.

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“…Due to their rather unusual properties, siloxanes are widely used in many applications such as antifoaming agents, coatings, shampoos, cosmetics (de Arespacochaga et al, 2015) and as a result they end up in sewage treatment plants (STPs). Occurrence of siloxanes at ppb and ppm levels in wastewater and sludge, respectively, has been reported worldwide (Wang et al, 2013b;Bletsou et al, 2013;Van Egmond et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2014) and their fate during activated sludge process has been described (Tan et al, 2017;Xu et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2015a;Wang et al, 2015b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using mechanisms of hydrolysis and sorption to reduce siloxanes occurrence in biogas of anaerobic sludge digesters

Gatidou

Stasinakis

Thomaidis

et al. 2016

Bioresource Technology

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Hydrolysis of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) and dodecamethylcyclohexasilane (D6_silane) and their sorption to digested sludge was studied in batch experiments. Hydrolysis was affected by the type of the compound and the applied temperature, while the relevant half-life values ranged between 0.07±0.01d (D3, 55°C) and 48.4±17.1d (D6_silane, 4°C). D5 showed the greatest affinity for sorption to digested sludge (logK: 3.84±3.42), the lowest LogK value was found for D3 (1.46±0.95). Prediction of investigated compounds' fate in a single-stage anaerobic digestion system indicated that volatilization seems to be the major fate in both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. The addition of a pre-digester with 3d retention time would significantly decrease the expected concentrations of all siloxanes in biogas, enhancing their removal through hydrolysis and sorption to sludge.

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Understanding the effects of the origin, occurrence, monitoring, control, fate and removal of siloxanes on the energetic valorization of sewage biogas—A review

Cited by 101 publications

References 102 publications

Biogas Management: Advanced Utilization for Production of Renewable Energy and Added-value Chemicals

Biogas Management: Advanced Utilization for Production of Renewable Energy and Added-value Chemicals

A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)-Based Biogas-from-Waste Generation System for Residential Buildings in China: A Feasibility Study

Using mechanisms of hydrolysis and sorption to reduce siloxanes occurrence in biogas of anaerobic sludge digesters

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