Understanding the dense stripe domains in soft magnetic film

Wu, Dehai; Jin, Tianli; Lou, Yuanfu; Wei, Fulin

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.04.010

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As a result and in contrast to previous reports [4], we also highlight the limits of STXM, which cannot show the existence of flux closure domains. A large variety of materials are shown to develop WSs and the conclusions of our study could be extended to those materials such as Co-Gd [5], Fe-Pt [6], (Fe, Co)AlON [7], Fe-Zr-N [8], Fe 80 Ga 20 [9], (Fe, Si)B [10,11], and Fe-Ni [12][13][14]. Depending on the material's properties, film composition [12][13][14], and deposition conditions [2,3,15,16], the critical thickness leading to WS appearance varies from 20 nm for epitaxial Co [17] and 100 nm for (Fe, Ta)C [18] to 355 nm for Ni 82 Fe 18 [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Weak Stripe Angle Determination by Quantitative x-ray Magnetic Microscopy

et al. 2020

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High-resolution scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (STXM) can provide quantitative access to local magnetization canting angles relative to the surface. We use this cutting-edge microscopy technique to probe the weak stripe magnetic texture hosted by a 180-nm-thick Co 40 Fe 40 B 20 layer. We report a full set of measurements of the weak stripe canting angle, as well as a method that uses only a single-impingingdirection x-ray beam to extract the angle. This method also allows the spatial profile to be extracted with 30 nm resolution, and the canting angle versus applied field can be measured. Combining these information, the macroscopic magnetization versus applied field loop on a complex spin texture can be reconstructed in an unprecedented way and shows undoubtedly that flux closure domains exist. These results show that the presence of flux closure domains, at the surface of such a thick film, is difficult to demonstrate by means of the STXM technique. Beyond the characterization of the weak stripe angle, this quantitative x-ray magnetic microscopy can be used to study the local textures hosted in all materials exhibiting some circular x-ray magnetic dichroism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Weak Stripe Angle Determination by Quantitative x-ray Magnetic Microscopy

et al. 2020

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“…In addition to generating the magnetic structures with the morphological characteristics of the ground state, increasing the degree of ordering of the generated magnetic structures is also an important factor to minimize the system energy as experimentally observed well-ordered magnetic states 10,11 . We investigated two parameters to quantitatively analyze the ordering of the generated spin configurations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventionally, magnetic structures are calculated by solving the magnetic Hamiltonian with the help of tools such as Monte-Carlo simulations, greedy algorithm, and spin dynamics simulations based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation to investigate the characteristics of various magnetic structures 8,9 . However, obtaining well-ordered magnetic states 10,11 using these methods is not guaranteed because the solutions of those methods are only some of the multiple local stable states the magnetic systems can have. In particular, the difficulty of obtaining a ground state increases when the systems contain various spin-spin interactions, axial properties, and directional biases; thus, they have infinitely numerous local stable states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An innovative magnetic state generator using machine learning techniques

Kwon

Kim

Lee

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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We propose a new efficient algorithm to simulate magnetic structures numerically. It contains a generative model using a complex-valued neural network to generate k-space information. The output information is hermitized and transformed into real-space spin configurations through an inverse fast Fourier transform. The Adam version of stochastic gradient descent is used to minimize the magnetic energy, which is the cost of our algorithm. The algorithm provides the proper ground spin configurations with outstanding performance. In model cases, the algorithm was successfully applied to solve the spin configurations of magnetic chiral structures. The results also showed that a magnetic long-range order could be obtained regardless of the total simulation system size.

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“…The orientation of magnetization in bright and/or murky regions is very similar to the fingerprint ones measured by MOKM, indicating the local perpendicular anisotropy. Sensitivity of MFM to out-of-plane magnetization components has been published by many authors analysing the properties of magnetic materials [ 17 , 21 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, the magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is advanced well established surface-sensitive technique for magnetic domain observations in a variety of magnetic materials (e.g., recording media [ 14 ], particles [ 15 ], nanocomposites [ 16 , 17 ], amorphous and/or nanocrystalline alloys [ 18 – 20 ], and thin films [ 21 ]). It is considered as easy available micromagnetic method with sufficient resolution; on the other hand, quantitative expertise of MFM images remains debatable and still very challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Domain Patterns in Bilayered Ribbons Studied by Magnetic Force Microscopy and Magneto-Optical Kerr Microscopy

et al. 2018

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The magnetic domain patterns of amorphous bilayered FeSiB/FeNbSiB and FeNbCuSiB/CoSiB ribbons are observed and analysed using the magneto-optical Kerr microscopy (MOKM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). Both microscopic techniques are highly sensitive to the sample surface; possibility of Kerr microscopy to visualize the domains separately in both layers is achieved by focusing the laser spot on the ribbon cross section. Wide curved domains as well as fine fingerprint domains were detected at the surface of ribbons due to presence of local stresses coming from the preparation process. With respect to high lateral resolution of MFM and its out-of-plane magnetization sensitivity, the perpendicularly magnetized crossed stripe domain patterns can be selected as well. Coiling of the ribbons on the half-round-end sample holder is often used to induce and control the magnetic anisotropy of these alloys. Changes in the magnetic domain structure at the outer-coiled surface and its dependence on the sign of magnetostriction coefficient are discussed in detail. Finally, the MFM images in the presence of external in-plane magnetic field up to ±40 kA/m are shown.

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Understanding the dense stripe domains in soft magnetic film

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Weak Stripe Angle Determination by Quantitative x-ray Magnetic Microscopy

Weak Stripe Angle Determination by Quantitative x-ray Magnetic Microscopy

An innovative magnetic state generator using machine learning techniques

Magnetic Domain Patterns in Bilayered Ribbons Studied by Magnetic Force Microscopy and Magneto-Optical Kerr Microscopy

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