[Retracted] Understanding the Critical Role of Glycolysis‐Related lncRNAs in Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Three Molecular Subtypes

Abstract

Background. Glycolysis is closely associated with tumor progression, but the roles of lncRNAs in glycolysis have not been comprehensively investigated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). This study is aimed at studying the possible mechanisms of glycolysis-related lncRNAs in tumor development and providing a guidance for targeted therapy. Methods. Unsupervised consensus clustering was used to identify molecular subtypes. Gene enrichment analysis was applied to screen important pathways involved in tumor progression. A series of immune analysis was performed to assess immune infiltration. Critical transcription factors (TFs) interacting with lncRNAs were selected by Pearson correlation analysis. A first-order partial correlation analysis was implemented to identify critical lncRNAs with prognostic significance. Results. Three molecular subtypes (C1, C2, and C3) were identified with distinct overall survival. Three subtypes showed differential immune infiltration, and C3 subtype was the optimal for immunotherapy treatment. Ten lncRNA-TF pairs among four glycolysis-related lncRNAs (FTX, LINC00472, PSMA3-AS1, and SNHG14) and six TFs (FOXP1, SP1, MYC, FOXM1, HIF1A, and FOS) were involved in tumor progression. We identified four critical glycolysis-related lncRNAs significantly associated with prognosis. Conclusions. This study identified three molecular subtypes that could guide personalized therapy. The four-lncRNA prognostic model can serve as an indicator for predicting prognosis or early screening of lung adenocarcinoma patients. The current results improve the understanding of the relation between lncRNAs and glycolysis.

LINC00908 promotes malignant progression and glycolysis in lung adenocarcinoma via interactions with DDX54 and RFX2

“…LncRNA FAM83A-AS1 contributed to cell proliferation and stemness via the HIF-1α/glycolysis axis [24]. Cao et al identi ed four critical glycolysis-related LncRNAs associated with prognosis [25]. Therefore, searching for new LncRNAs in LUAD targeting glycolysis is of great signi cance.…”

Energy metabolism as the hub of advanced non-small cell lung cancer management: a comprehensive view in the framework of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine

“…In addition, FTX, LINC00472, PSMA3-AS1, and SNHG14 are the 4 critical glycolysis-related lncRNAs [ 62 ]. Through the regulation of 22/FOXM1 axis, lncRNA NNT-AS1 plays a key role in carcinogenesis in NSCLC, thus a novel pathogenesis and a paradigm shift into the therapeutic target for these forms of cancer [ 63 ]. The immunotherapy of LUSC is influenced by tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), pathological stage, metabolism, and also the survival of patients [ 64 ].…”

Interaction and Collaboration of SP1, HIF-1, and MYC in Regulating the Expression of Cancer-Related Genes to Further Enhance Anticancer Drug Development

“…Recent progress in systems biology has shown that several specific factors are participants of a network that function as master regulators of cancer [1][2][3]. Wilson and Volker Filipp investigated complementary omics in human cancer, and discovered a close teamwork of transcriptional and epigenomic machinery, which is tightly connected and comprises histone lysine demethylase 3A, basic helix-loop-helix factors, MYC, hypoxiainducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A), and sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1, as well as differentiation factors such as activator protein 1, myogenic differentiation 1, specificity protein 1 (SP1), Meis homeobox 1, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1, and ETS like-1 protein (ETS1) [1].…”