Understanding the colon cancer stem cells and perspectives on treatment

Garza-Treviño, Elsa N.; Said‐Fernández, Salvador; Martı́nez-Rodrı́guez, Herminia Guadalupe

doi:10.1186/s12935-015-0163-7

Cited by 76 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 100 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…1,2 Commonly, colon cancer first develops as colorectal polyps, which are abnormal growths in the inner lining of the bowel. Then, it invades muscular and the nearby lymph nodes and finally spreads to other organs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric nanoparticles for colon cancer therapy: overview and perspectives

et al. 2016

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric nanoparticles for colon cancer therapy: overview and perspectives

et al. 2016

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“…CSCs promote tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis–all of which negatively impact prognosis. Furthermore, because CSCs cycle slowly, they increase chemoresistance and thus tumor recurrence [2]. Reducing a tumor's stemness may therefore also reduce its chemoresistance [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, USP22 expression correlates with CRC progression and therapy failure [10]. In this study, we analyzed the levels of USP22 expression in human primary and recurrent CRC tissues, CRC cell lines, CRC cells with CD133 surface antigen (a colon CSC marker), and 5-FU resistant CRC cells, to determine the impacts of USP22 expression on CRC recurrence, stemness, and chemoresistance [2]. We also assessed the relationship between USP22 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which has been shown to contribute to stemness, tumorigenesis, and chemoresistance [11, 12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ubiquitin-Specific Peptidase 22 Contributes to Colorectal Cancer Stemness and Chemoresistance via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

Jiang

Song

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Two major barriers to the successful treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) are the development of stem cell-like characteristics (stemness) and chemoresistance. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22) is a deubiquitinating enzyme and putative CRC marker that has emerged as a potential cause of both phenomena in CRC. There is evidence that USP22 acts through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and that downregulation of the latter may reduce chemoresistance. Methods: In this study, we used CRC tissue specimens from human patients as well as human CRC cell lines to evaluate the role of USP22 in CRC stemness and chemoresistance in vitro and in vivo. RT-PCR and western blot were used for gene expression analyses. Immunohistochemistry was performed for USP22 expression in clinical samples. CD133 levels were analyzed by flow cytometry. Sphere formation and MTT assays were used for self-renewal and proliferation analysis. Chemoresistance was evaluated by cell viability and sphere formation assays. Results: We found a significant increase of USP22 in recurrent CRC and chemoresistant CRC cells as compared to primary CRC and non-chemoresistant CRC cells, respectively. We then demonstrated that USP22 mediates CRC cell chemoresistance through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and that reducing USP22 in CRC cells diminishes chemoresistance. Conclusions: Having established the crucial role of USP22 in CRC stemness and chemoresistance, this study suggests that USP22 may be an ideal genetic target in the treatment of chemoresistant CRC.

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“…CSCs were first isolated from acute myeloid leukemia by Bonnet and Dick in 1997 [14]. Since then CSCs have been identified in many types of human common tumors including brain [15], breast [16], colon [17], hepatoma [18], and pancreatic carcinomas [19]. There are many biomarkers especially expressing in CSCs, such as homeobox transcription factor Nanog (Nanog), transcription factor SOX2 (Sox2), myc proto-onco-gene protein (C-myc), octamer binding protein 4 (Oct4), CD44, CD133 and so on [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%