2012
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-11-12
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Understanding the clinical spectrum of complicated Plasmodium vivax malaria: a systematic review on the contributions of the Brazilian literature

Abstract: The resurgence of the malaria eradication agenda and the increasing number of severe manifestation reports has contributed to a renewed interested in the Plasmodium vivax infection. It is the most geographically widespread parasite causing human malaria, with around 2.85 billion people living under risk of infection. The Brazilian Amazon region reports more than 50% of the malaria cases in Latin America and since 1990 there is a marked predominance of this species, responsible for 85% of cases in 2009. However… Show more

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Cited by 140 publications
(153 citation statements)
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References 121 publications
(113 reference statements)
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“…In subsequent pregnancies, as immunity against placental-adherent strains develops, there is a reduced risk of adverse effects of malaria on the mother and fetus [6] and asymptomatic parasitaemia is common [7]. In the case of vivax malaria, with increasing reports of severe cases in Asia and South America [8,9], the consequences of infection during pregnancy remain to be elucidated, although adherence to endothelial cells [10] and sequestration of infected red blood cells in deep vasculature have been recently demonstrated [11,12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In subsequent pregnancies, as immunity against placental-adherent strains develops, there is a reduced risk of adverse effects of malaria on the mother and fetus [6] and asymptomatic parasitaemia is common [7]. In the case of vivax malaria, with increasing reports of severe cases in Asia and South America [8,9], the consequences of infection during pregnancy remain to be elucidated, although adherence to endothelial cells [10] and sequestration of infected red blood cells in deep vasculature have been recently demonstrated [11,12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Plasmodium vivax malaria the mechanisms of development of retinal hemorrhage and severe diseases are not well defined. In vivo Plasmodium vivax infected RBCs are known to cause cytoadherence on human lining endothelial cells and placental tissue, though this phenomenon is lower than that with Plasmodium falciparum infected RBC [13]. Apart from these, accompanied thrombocytopenia and anaemia may be responsible for retinal hemorrhage as a confounding or even a sole cause.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…It is likely that the introduction of Coartem® in Manaus and other municipalities in its vicinity also contributed to the decrease in P. falciparum prevalence in the state. Conversely, an increase in the number of severe cases of Plasmodium vivax malaria was recently reported, which could be associated with the decompensation of acute and/or chronic comorbidities by malaria (28) (29) . Nevertheless, the overall fatality rate from malaria continues to decrease.…”
Section: The Third Development Cyclementioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, potential hemolysis in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase defi ciency (G6PDd) must be considered in the administration of this drug. In the State of Amazonas, G6PDd prevalence was estimated at 4.5% (38) , and fatal cases have been reported among patients with vivax malaria treated with primaquine (28) . Introduction of tafenoquine as an anti-hypnozoite drug in the PNCM could be an important tool in the future goal of eliminating malaria, and tafenoquine use should stimulate the systematic screening of G6PDd using a rapid point-of-care testing system, although this screening still lacks accuracy and economical evaluation.…”
Section: Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%