“…Like natural language, hashtags are oen used inconsistently [26]. is tendency toward broad but inconsistent use can be problematic in the context of disasters where people tend to post a wide variety of message types [1,4,14,29,42]. While many messages are informative [22], meaning they provide situational information about the disaster, including updates regarding aected individuals, infrastructure, donations and volunteer activities, cautions, and other useful emergency information, many others are non-informative [22], such as those that provide emotional support or express general disaster related opinions [16,29,43].…”