Understanding regional variation in entrepreneurial activity and entrepreneurial attitude in Europe

Bosma, Niels; Schutjens, Veronique

doi:10.1007/s00168-010-0375-7

Cited by 220 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Similar to other studies [40], our results suggest a strong positive relationship between individual characteristics (perceived capabilities) and total entrepreneurial activity. We found a negative relationship between fear of failure and enforcing contracts, on the one hand, and entrepreneurial activity, on the other hand.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Table 3 shows descriptive statistics for the full unbalanced panel dataset with 25 countries and 175 country-time observations. Similar to Bosma and Schutjens [40] we found that cross-country variation in early-stage entrepreneurial activity is very persistent over the period between 2007 and 2013. The standard deviation of TEA is 2.40, indicating how diverse our sample is with respect to the entrepreneurial activity.…”

Section: Heritage Foundationsupporting

confidence: 87%

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The Role of Access to Finance in Explaining Cross-National Variation in Entrepreneurial Activity: A Panel Data Approach

Anton

Bostan

2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:The aim of the paper is to investigate to what extent access to finance explains differences in entrepreneurial activity across European Union (EU) member countries. We use a dataset containing information across countries and time to investigate the determinants of entrepreneurial activity in twenty-five EU members over the period between 2007 and 2013. Our sample comprises both periods of difficult access to finance and periods of excessive liquidities. Employing a panel data model with fixed effects, we found a positive relationship between access to finance and entrepreneurial activities. Furthermore, we showed that this positive relationship is more important for the individuals who believe they have the required skills and knowledge to start a business. The results proved to be robust when we employed different measures of entrepreneurial activity and several proxies for access to finance. Our findings provide empirical evidence for the need of policy initiatives at national and EU level to facilitate the creation of sustainable new ventures.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Heritage Foundationsupporting

confidence: 87%

The Role of Access to Finance in Explaining Cross-National Variation in Entrepreneurial Activity: A Panel Data Approach

Anton

Bostan

2017

Sustainability

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“…Here, 'regional' is understood as the spatial level below the national but above the local one. Defined in that way, scholars increasingly consider it as an important part of the environment that influences an individual's decision to start a firm (Audretsch & Lehmann, 2005;Bosma & Schutjens, 2011;Casper, 2013;Lawton Smith & Bagchi-Sen, 2012). The relevance of the regional economic dimension results from the empirical observation that individuals generally launch start-ups where they were born, work or live (Stam, 2009) -and that that these entrepreneurs are more successful with their new firm than those who move to another region to start their firm (Dahl & Sorenson, 2012;Michelacci & Silva, 2007).…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

What makes student entrepreneurs? On the relevance (and irrelevance) of the university and the regional context for student start-ups

2016

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Abstract:Student start-ups are a significant part of overall university entrepreneurship. Yet, we know little about the determinants of this type of start-ups and, specifically, the relevance of context effects. Drawing on organizational and regional context literature, we develop and test a model that aims to explain student entrepreneurship in a contextual perspective. Based on unique micro data and using multi-level techniques, we analyse nascent and new entrepreneurial activities of business and economics students at 41 European universities. Our analysis reveals that individual and contextual determinants influence students' propensity to start a business. While peoples' individual characteristics are most important, the organizational and regional contexts also play a role and have a differentiated effect, depending on the source of the venture idea and the stage of its development. Organisational characteristics, like the prevalence of fellow students who have attended entrepreneurship education, influence whether students take action to start a new firm (nascent entrepreneurship) but do not seem to support the actual establishment of a new firm. In contrast, the latter is less dependent on the university context but more strongly influenced by regional characteristics. Overall, our study contributes to our understanding of the emergence of start-ups in the organizational context of universities and has implications for initiatives and programs that aim at encouraging students to become entrepreneurs.

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“…With increasing globalisation, it can be argued that the regional level has become more important than nations in promoting and understanding innovation and economic growth (Storper 1997;Porter 2000;Camagni 2002;Scott and Storper 2003;Krugman 2005). Furthermore, entrepreneurship itself has a pronounced regional dimension, with differences in regional start-up rates, as well as differences in the success of start-ups and entrepreneurial attitudes, all indicating the role of the regional environment in fostering entrepreneurship (Armington and Acs 2002;Audretsch and Keilbach 2004a;Bosma and Schutjens 2011;Davidsson and Wiklund 1997;Fritsch and Mueller 2005;Fritsch and Wyrwich 2014;Huggins and Williams 2011;Mueller 2006;Mueller et al 2008). Regions, therefore, can become 'incubators of new ideas' and provide opportunities for entrepreneurship to take place, as well as for discovering valuable new knowledge (Glaeser 2002;Ikeda 2008;Huggins and Williams 2011).…”

Section: Entrepreneurship and Regional Innovationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurship, innovation and regional growth: a network theory

2015

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Despite the growing acknowledgement that entrepreneurship is an important driver of regional innovation and growth, the role of the networks in these processes has been less formally examined. In order to address this gap, this paper proposes that the relationship between entrepreneurship, innovation and regional growth is governed by a series of network dynamics. Drawing upon aspects of endogenous growth theory and the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship, it is proposed that the nature of the networks formed by entrepreneurial firms is a key determinant of regional growth differentials. In particular, network capital, in the form of investments in strategic relations to gain access to knowledge, is considered to mediate the relationship between entrepreneurship and innovation-based regional growth. It is suggested that network dynamics should be further incorporated into theories concerning the link between knowledge spillovers, entrepreneurship and regional growth. The paper concludes with a series of theoretical, entrepreneurial and policy implications emerging from the study.

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Understanding regional variation in entrepreneurial activity and entrepreneurial attitude in Europe

Abstract: M13, O18, R12,

Cited by 220 publications

References 65 publications

The Role of Access to Finance in Explaining Cross-National Variation in Entrepreneurial Activity: A Panel Data Approach

The Role of Access to Finance in Explaining Cross-National Variation in Entrepreneurial Activity: A Panel Data Approach

What makes student entrepreneurs? On the relevance (and irrelevance) of the university and the regional context for student start-ups

Entrepreneurship, innovation and regional growth: a network theory

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