“…Finally, as Arbore et al (2014, p.169) remind us paraphrasing Levy (1959), people adopt personal and ubiquitous technologies, such as smartphones, not only for what they do (i.e., their utilitarian and hedonic value) but also because of what they mean (i.e., their symbolic value). Thus, innovation provides positive symbolic value based on its ability to support identity-signaling goals (Arbore et al, 2014). Specifically, being more effective and benefiting from specific discounts through in-store mobile use can increase self-esteem and thus symbolic value (de Kerviler et al, 2016b).…”