Understanding Pearl Millet Blast Caused by Magnaporthe grisea and Strategies for Its Management

Singh, S. D.; Sharma, Rajan; Nayaka, S. Chandra; Satyavathi, C. Tara; Raj, Chandramani

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-60585-8_11

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The available information indicates that the pathogen infects principally Pennisetum glaucum, P. macroforum, P. squamulatum, P. pedicellatum [31], P. ciliare [32], P. purpureum [33]. Other graminaceous hosts such as Agrostis palustris, Brachiaria mutica, Eleusine indica, Cyperus rotundus, Eragrostis sp., Panicum miliaceum serve as collateral hosts for the pathogen [34].…”

Section: Host Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Blast Disease of Millets: Present Status and Future Perspectives

Tharana Poonacha,

Sai Bhavana,

Farooqkhan

et al. 2024

Millets - Rediscover Ancient Grains

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Millet crops are affected by various biotic and abiotic stresses. Among biotic stresses, blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea (finger, pearl and proso millets) and Pyricularia setariae (foxtail millet) is the most devastating and widespread disease that causes substantial grain and forage yield losses and is a key constraint to pearl millet, finger millet and foxtail millet production in most of finger millet growing areas, and recently, it is also reported in barnyard millet in few locations. This book chapter emphasizes mainly on occurrence, distribution, symptoms, yield loss, etiology, genetic diversity, mode of spread of the pathogen and survival and integrated disease management approaches for mitigating of disease. This information will be highly helpful for better understanding of the disease. Further, it will be useful to enhance production and productivity of millets and to reinforce the food and nutritional security in the developing countries of Asia and Africa continents where the millets are mainly grown as staple food crops.

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Section: Host Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Blast Disease of Millets: Present Status and Future Perspectives

Tharana Poonacha,

Sai Bhavana,

Farooqkhan

et al. 2024

Millets - Rediscover Ancient Grains

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“…Later, this disease disseminated sporadically to many varieties and hybrids during the 1980s [ 13 ]. From the year 2000 onwards, pearl millet blast disease was observed widespread across India [ 8 , 14 ]. Therefore, to prevent inadvertent dissemination and minimize the losses, the deployment of blast-resistant genes and the application of agrochemicals are widely practiced [ 8 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the year 2000 onwards, pearl millet blast disease was observed widespread across India [ 8 , 14 ]. Therefore, to prevent inadvertent dissemination and minimize the losses, the deployment of blast-resistant genes and the application of agrochemicals are widely practiced [ 8 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. However, these strategies appear inadequate in blast-endemic areas because of variable host resistance, the emergence of new pathotypes, and the toxic nature of fungicides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structured Framework and Genome Analysis of Magnaporthe grisea Inciting Pearl Millet Blast Disease Reveals Versatile Metabolic Pathways, Protein Families, and Virulence Factors

Reddy

Mehta

Prakash

et al. 2022

JoF

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Magnaporthe grisea (T.T. Herbert) M.E. Barr is a major fungal phytopathogen that causes blast disease in cereals, resulting in economic losses worldwide. An in-depth understanding of the basis of virulence and ecological adaptation of M. grisea is vital for devising effective disease management strategies. Here, we aimed to determine the genomic basis of the pathogenicity and underlying biochemical pathways in Magnaporthe using the genome sequence of a pearl millet-infecting M. grisea PMg_Dl generated by dual NGS techniques, Illumina NextSeq 500 and PacBio RS II. The short and long nucleotide reads could be draft assembled in 341 contigs and showed a genome size of 47.89 Mb with the N50 value of 765.4 Kb. Magnaporthe grisea PMg_Dl showed an average nucleotide identity (ANI) of 86% and 98% with M. oryzae and Pyricularia pennisetigena, respectively. The gene-calling method revealed a total of 10,218 genes and 10,184 protein-coding sequences in the genome of PMg_Dl. InterProScan of predicted protein showed a distinct 3637 protein families and 695 superfamilies in the PMg_Dl genome. In silico virulence analysis revealed the presence of 51VFs and 539 CAZymes in the genome. The genomic regions for the biosynthesis of cellulolytic endo-glucanase and beta-glucosidase, as well as pectinolytic endo-polygalacturonase, pectin-esterase, and pectate-lyases (pectinolytic) were detected. Signaling pathways modulated by MAPK, PI3K-Akt, AMPK, and mTOR were also deciphered. Multicopy sequences suggestive of transposable elements such as Type LTR, LTR/Copia, LTR/Gypsy, DNA/TcMar-Fot1, and Type LINE were recorded. The genomic resource presented here will be of use in the development of molecular marker and diagnosis, population genetics, disease management, and molecular taxonomy, and also provide a genomic reference for ascomycetous genome investigations in the future.

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“…Magnaporthe grisea is known to affect both forage (Wilson and Gates, 1993) and grain pearl millet (Timper et al, 2002). The disease is characterized by grayish, water-soaked lesions which enlarge to become necrotic, resulting in extensive chlorosis and premature drying of young foliage (Singh et al, 2021). The disease initiates as lesions near leaf tips or margin or even both extending downwards on the outer edges (Wilson et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of genes controlling compatible and incompatible reactions of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) against blast (Magnaporthe grisea) pathogen through RNA-Seq

Singh

Sharma²,

Thirunavukkarasu³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Blast [Magnaporthe grisea (Herbert) Barr] is an economically important disease in Asian pearl millet production ecologies. The recurrent occurrence of blast in the past one decade has caused enormous strain on grain and forage production. Identification of resistance genes is an important step to develop durable varieties. The present study is the first attempt to use RNA-Seq to investigate the transcript dynamics in a pearl millet inbred ICMB 93333, which had a unique differential reaction to two isolates—Pg 45 (avirulent) and Pg 174 (virulent) of M. grisea. The inbred was inoculated by both isolates and samples taken at six different time intervals for genome-wide RNA-Seq experiment. The transcriptome results revealed the differential expression of more than 2,300 genes. The time-specific comparison showed activation or repression of specific genes in various pathways. Genes and transcriptions factors related to pathogenesis-related proteins, reactive oxygen species generating and its scavenging genes, cell wall defense, primary and secondary metabolic pathways, and signaling pathways were identified by comparing the host-plant compatible and incompatible interactions. The genes identified from this experiment could be useful to understand the host-plant resistance and design novel strategies to manage blast disease in pearl millet.

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Understanding Pearl Millet Blast Caused by Magnaporthe grisea and Strategies for Its Management

Cited by 8 publications

References 91 publications

Blast Disease of Millets: Present Status and Future Perspectives

Blast Disease of Millets: Present Status and Future Perspectives

Structured Framework and Genome Analysis of Magnaporthe grisea Inciting Pearl Millet Blast Disease Reveals Versatile Metabolic Pathways, Protein Families, and Virulence Factors

Identification of genes controlling compatible and incompatible reactions of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) against blast (Magnaporthe grisea) pathogen through RNA-Seq

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