Understanding parental causal explanations and help seeking in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: perspectives from a developing Asian nation

Parenting experiences of raising a child with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A pilot study from India

“…Also, grandparents or other members of the family may be too liberal or not supportive of treatment, and parents may perceive non-support within their family system. [25] Our parents also experienced stigma, mainly in the context of family and community. In many semi-urban and rural areas, teachers and school authorities are also part of the same community.…”

“…With changing social dynamics, fathers have started playing caregiving roles, even in developing societies such as ours. [25] Hence, their experiences can provide better insights into the family's experience while dealing with ADHD.…”

“…Moreover, blaming spouse/spouse's family for being a bad role model is seen as a causal explanation in one-fourth of our parents in an earlier report. [25]. Though some experiences such as burden were universal and seemed to be directly related to the disorder itself, experiences also reflected individual circumstances and contexts.…”

“…[34] It is common for parents to consult grandparents during decision-making, or for grandparents and elder paternal uncles to play the primary decision-making roles. [25] Besides this, grandparents often take up specific caregiving roles, like teaching the child certain subjects or looking after him/ her when the mother is involved in household chores. Also, children are frequently advised and reprimanded by family members other than parents.…”

“…Different family support systems, family and societal perceptions regarding ADHD and educational systems, including teachers' perceptions and provision of special educational measures, may influence the parenting experiences to a great extent, and hence, it is important to understand these experiences in the cultural context. [4,[24][25][26] This is particularly important for the mental health professionals working with these families. It will help build true empathetic relation and offer assistance and interventions that are meaningful to the families.…”