Understanding of the charge storage mechanism of MnO2-based aqueous zinc-ion batteries: Reaction processes and regulation strategies

Expediting ion migration and stabilizing interface deposition through pre-polarized ion channels for zinc-ion batteries

“…A more detailed discussion is included in the conclusion reported by previous work. 51 In Fig. 5c, S16a and S16b, † from the galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) curves, two discharge plateaus corresponding to Mn 3+ and Mn 2+ were observed.…”

“…5c, S16a and S16b, † from the galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) curves, two discharge plateaus corresponding to Mn 3+ and Mn 2+ were observed. 51,52…”

Recent development of manganese dioxide-based materials as zinc-ion battery cathode

“…The manganese lattice point of ε-MnO 2 is highly disordered, and the tunnel shape is irregular. It is composed of [MnO 6 ] and [YO6] octahedra with common faces, where Y represents vacancy, and each layer is opposite to the adjacent orientation; 207–209 it belongs to the metastable phase structure. Among them, high concentrations of micro-twin defects, structural vacancies, water molecules in the phase, and various Mn valence states contribute to good electrochemical performance.…”

Regeneration of Spent Lithium Manganate Batteries into Al-Doped MnO2 Cathodes toward Aqueous Zn Batteries

“…Aqueous Zn batteries have great potential for energy storage because of their low price, high safety, and high theoretical capacity of Zn anode (820 mA h g –1 ). − Manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) is characterized by high voltage, eco-friendliness, and high theoretical specific capacity, so it has received a lot of attention. − α-MnO 2 consists of [MnO 6 ] octahedral units in a 2 × 2 tunnel structure. It is more favorable to give higher capacity than MnO 2 with other crystalline forms. , Nevertheless, the research of high-performance MnO 2 still encounters significant barriers due to its structural instability and manganese dissolution, impeding its actual applications.…”