Understanding Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder in Adolescence: A Dimensional Personality Perspective

General and Maladaptive Personality Dimensions and the Assessment of Callous-Unemotional Traits in Adolescence

“…The DIPSI dimensions accounted for an additional 2 to 10%, and an additional 2 to 12% for selfand maternal ratings, respectively. These findings confirm that the DIPSI captures additional variance that is not explained by a general personality trait measure and suggest that general personality traits should be complemented with more maladaptive item content to enable a more comprehensive description of personality pathology variance (Aelterman, Decuyper, & De Fruyt, 2010;Haigler & Widiger, 2001). Previous research in adult samples showed that the amount of variance in psychopathy explained by general personality traits was situated around 50% (Lynam, 2002;Pryor et al, 2009), but these analyses were conducted at the facet level of the NEO-PI-R.…”

Childhood antecedents of personality disorder: A five-factor model perspective.

“…The declines stabilize for most personality disorders thereafter, except for further declines in histrionic and narcissistic symptom counts. In addition to these meanlevel changes, there is strong evidence for rankorder stability across personality disorder symptom con figurations and across developmental stages (Johnson et al, 2000), in line with rankorder & Gatzke-Kopp, 2009;Bornovalova, Hicks, Iacono, & McGue, 2009;Cole, Llera, & Pemberton, 2009;Crawford, Cohen, Chen, Anglin, & Ehrensaft, 2009;Fonagy & Luyten, 2009;Gratz et al, 2009), narcissistic (Barry & Wallace, 2010;Bukowski, Schwartzman, Santo, Bagwell, & Adams, 2009;Thomaes, Bushman, De Castro, & Stegge, 2009), antisocial (Beauchaine et al, 2009), avoidant (Eggum et al, 2009), and obsessive-compulsive (Aelterman, Decuyper, & De Fruyt, 2010) personality disorders. Most studies have in common that they, in one way or another, start from the notion that personality pathology symptoms as defined in the DSM for adults are transferable eventually, after slight modifications, to children and adolescents.…”

“…Also, dimensional models designed to describe personality pathology in adulthood, which have been proposed as alternatives for categorical Axis II disorders, were used unadapted or with minor language modifications with adolescents. For example, the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ; Livesley, 1990;Livesley, Schroeder, & Jackson, 1992), assessing emotional dysregulation, dissocial behavior, inhibition, and compulsivity, together with 18 more specific maladaptive traits, has been recently used without modifications in community and referred groups of adolescents (Aelterman et al, 2010;Du et al, 2006;Krischer, Sevecke, Lehmkuhl, & Pukrop, 2007). Tromp and Koot (2008) enhanced readability of the DAPP-BQ items for adolescents, replacing difficult or uncommon words with synonyms from a children's dictionary.…”

A Five‐Factor Model Framework for Understanding Childhood Personality Disorder Antecedents

“…Ever since, accumulating evidence on the significance of personality disorder symptoms in childhood and adolescence (for a review, see De Clercq, De Fruyt, et al., ,) has been published and has inspired several journals to release special issues on this neglected topic. These latest special issues have successfully integrated comprehensive overviews of personality disorder precipitants across the 10 PDs (Cicchetti & Crick, ; Kobak, Zajac, & Smith, ; Shiner, ; Tackett et al., ; Widiger et al., ), with evidence on specific Axis II disorder antecedents such as the cluster A disorders (Esterberg, Goulding, & Walker, ) and the borderline (Beauchaine, Klein, Crowell, Derbidge, & Gatzke‐Kopp, ; Bornovalova, Hicks, Iacono, & McGue, ; Cole, Llera, & Pemberton, ; Crawford, Cohen, Chen, Anglin, & Ehrensaft, ; Fonagy & Luyten, ; Gratz et al., ), narcissistic (Barry & Wallace, ; Bukowski, Schwartzman, Santo, Bagwell, & Adams, ; Thomaes, Bushman, De Castro, & Stegge, ), antisocial (Beauchaine et al., ), avoidant (Eggum et al., ), and obsessive‐compulsive (Aelterman, Decuyper, & De Fruyt, ) personality disorders.…”

“…This may indicate that the richness of personality disorder symptoms may not be entirely captured by general trait measures (Clark, 2007). In this respect, Aelterman et al (2010) recently demonstrated that obsessive-compulsive personality disorder symptoms can be more comprehensively described by complementing a maladaptive trait measure with a general trait measure of personality. In a related vein, Decuyper, De Bolle, De Clercq, and De Fruyt (in press) suggested that an age-specific maladaptive trait measure explained additional variance of childhood psychopathy, beyond a general personality trait measure.…”